Materazzi's dismissal saw another game overshadowed by the referee

Less than a day after Russian official Valentin Ivanov issued a record-equalling 16 yellow and four red cards, referee Luis Medina Cantalejo brought the tournament total of sending-offs to 24 with his dismissal of Italian Marco Materazzi.

The previous record mark of 22, set at the 1998 tournament, will have been completely eclipsed by the final whistle of the final in Berlin - there are still 11 games to go.

And the tally for yellow cards is already approaching 300 at 297 and counting, and that from 53 matches.

So where does the blame lie? With the players, the officials or the rule-makers?

Five Live Sport summariser Chris Waddle insists there is no question that Sepp Blatter and Fifa are at fault.

"This game is getting to be an absolute farce," the ex-England winger said after the Italy match.

"I'm a fan like anyone else, but the officials are spoiling football. This is the greatest tournament in the world, and it is becoming a shambles.

REFS OR PLAYERS TO BLAME? It is not the referees' fault - they are under orders Five Live Sport summariser Chris Waddle The balance of blame has got to lay with the players Former referee Jeff Winter

"But it is not the referees' fault - they are under orders. Blatter and Fifa have set all these rules and it has taken common sense out of the process. It's killing the game."

He also dismissed suggestions that the players have to be held to account for the rash of bookings and dismissals.

The tournament has been littered with occasions of simulation and bad tackles, but Waddle said: "That's part and parcel of the game - it's up to the referees to punish these things.

"It is what they are there for. If everybody watching the game can see someone cheating or a bad tackle, why can't the referee see it?

"Because they're not allowed to. They're under so much pressure they must judge everything according to the letter of the law."

However, former Premiership referee Jeff Winter disagreed.

"The balance of the blame has to lay with the players," he said.

Commenting on Portugal's game with Holland, he added: "The players' behaviour - Luis Figo included - left a lot to be desired.

WORLD CUP BLOG The referee was more like a croupier than the referee of a last-16 World Cup tie Mandeep Sanghera, BBC Sport at the Portugal-Holland game More on our World Cup blog

"From the first minute there was a high challenge on Cristiano Ronaldo and that set the tone as the referee has to be consistent throughout."

The stance from football's governing body is that the officials have got it about right so far in Germany, despite the apparent card frenzy.

Fifa spokesman Markus Siegler rejected the notion that the extraordinarily high number of cautions was a paradox.

"You could say if the referees were not active, it could have turned out into a more unfair or dirty tournament," he said.

"I'm convinced that because the referees are applying rules consistently and the players have been warned from the beginning, the tournament actually has been quite fair so far."

However, Waddle insists something has to change.