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Ver. 19.3
May 18th, 2024

370.0000 Family Polygonaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 82 (1789), nom. cons.
52 genera, ca. 1450 spp.
Species listed in database: 1439; hybrids: 151
= Calligonaceae Khalk.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk. Uzbeksk (1985)(11): 45 (1985)
= Eriogonaceae G.Don; R. Sw., Hort. Brit., ed. 3: 580 (1839)
= Persicariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 473 (1820)
= Rumicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 554 (1820)
370.3708 Genus Reynoutria Houtt.; Natuurl. Hist. 2: 639 (1777)
Distribution: temperate Asia. According to Schuster et al. (2011) a sister genus to Fallopia.
Species listed in database: 6; hybrids: 2
= Fallopia Sect.Reynoutria (Houtt.) Ronse Decr.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 98(4): 346 (1988)
= Tiniaria (Meisn.) Rchb.
= Helxine L.; Op. Var. 223 (1758)
species :
Reynoutria ciliinervis (Nakai) Moldenke; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 68: 675 (1941)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, ?Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea
36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia ciliinervis (Nakai) K.Hammer; Kulturpflanze 34: 99 (1986)
= Fallopia japonica var. ciliinervis (Nakai) A.J.Li; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 25(1): 103 (1998), isonym
= Fallopia multiflora var. ciliinervis (Nakai) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72(3): 158 (1997)
= Pleuropterus ciliinervis Nakai; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13(363-367): 267-268 (1914)
= Polygonum ciliinerve (Nakai) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 6: 146 (1937)
= Polygonum ciliinerve (Nakai) S.X.Li & Y.L.Chang; Fl. Plant. Herb. Chinae bor.-or. 2: 66 (1959), isonym
= Polygonum multiflorum var. ciliinerve (Nakai) Steward; Contr. Gray Herb. 88: 97 (1930)
= Reynoutria ciliinervis (Nakai) C.F.Fang; Clavis Pl. Chinae Bor.-Or. ed. 2 (ed. P. Y. Fu): 132 (1995), as ´ciliinerve´, isonym
species :
Reynoutria compacta (Hook.f.) Nakai; Rigakkwai 24: 293 (1926)
Distribution: England [I]; Germany [I]; Hungary [I]; China; Japan; etc.
10 grb 11 ger hun 36 CHI 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia compacta (Hook.f.) G.H.Loos & P.Keil; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins (2010)
= Fallopia japonica var. compacta (Hook.f.) J.P.Bailey; Watsonia 17(4): 443 (1989)
= Polygonum compactum Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 6476 (1880)
= Polygonum cuspidatum f. compactum (Hook.f.) Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 173 (1911)
= Polygonum cuspidatum var. compactum (Hook.f.) L.H.Bailey; Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2. 348 (1949)
= Polygonum reynoutria var. compactum (Hook.f.) Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 173 (1911)
= Polygonum sieboldii var. compactum (Hook.f.) L.H.Bailey; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 5: 2743 (1916)
= Reynoutria compacta (Hook.f.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 1: 687 (2018), isonym
= Reynoutria japonica var. compacta (Hook.f.) Buchheim; Zander. Handworterbuch Pflanzennamen: 744 (1972), isonym
= Reynoutria japonica var. compacta (Hook.f.) Moldenke; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 68: 675 (1941)
species :
Reynoutria forbesii (Hance) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 69: 180 (1994)
Distribution: China; North Korea; South Korea
36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia forbesii (Hance) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72(3): 158 (1997)
= Polygonum forbesii Hance; J. Bot. 21(5): 100 (1883)
= Polygonum reynoutria var. elliptica Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 31: 259 (1917)
= Polygonum yunnanense H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 6: 211 (1908)
= Reynoutria elliptica (Koidz.) Migo ex Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31: 34 (1952)
= Reynoutria yunnanensis (H.Lév.) Nakai ex Migo; J. Shanghai Sci. Inst. Sect. III. 3: 229 (1937)
species :
Reynoutria japonica Houtt.; Nat. Hist. 8: 640 (1777)
Name: Japanischer Flügelknöterich, Japanischer Staudenknöterich (DE), Japanese knotweed (EN)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Norway [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Liechtenstein [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Italy [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Montenegro [I]; Romania [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Estonia [I]; Belarus [I]; N-European Russia [I]; Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; China (Anhui, Fujian, N-Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, ?Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, ?Liaoning, N-Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Vietnam; Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I]); Chile [I] (Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I])
10 fin grb ire nor 11 aut bgm cze ger hun lie lux net pol slo swi 12 cis fra por spa 13 bih bul cro ita mnt rom slv 14 blr est rus 31 RFE 33 geo 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 41 VIE 50 aus 51 nzl 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 98(4): 369 (1988)
= Fallopia japonica f. colorans (Makino) Yonek.; Fl. Japan 2a: 139 (2006)
= Fallopia japonica var. hachidyoensis (Makino) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72(3): 158 (1997)
= Fallopia japonica var. uzenensis (Honda) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72(3): 158 (1997)
= Pleuropterus cuspidatus (Siebold & Zucc.) H.Gross; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37: II. 114 (1919)
= Pleuropterus zuccarinii (Small) Small; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 1: 676 (1913)
= Polygonum cuspidatum f. roseum (Satomi) Satomi; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 31: 30 (1983)
= Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 84 (1846) (not Willd. ex Spreng. 1825
= Polygonum cuspidatum var. spectabile Noter; Rev. Hort. Belge Étrangère 35: 232 (1909)
= Polygonum cuspidatum var. terminale (Honda) Ohwi; J. Jap. Bot. 33: 221 (1958)
= Polygonum cuspidatum var. uzenense (Honda) Noda; Fl. Echigo Prov. 2: 195 (1969)
= Polygonum hachidyoense Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 5: 21 (1928)
= Polygonum hachijoense Nakai ex Honda; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 49: 1 (1935), orth. var.
= Polygonum japonicum (Houtt.) S.L.Welsh; Utah Fl., ed. 4: 594 (2008), nom. illeg.
= Polygonum pictum Jacques; J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort. 7: 626 (1861)
= Polygonum reynoutria (Houtt.) Makino; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 15: 84 (1901)
= Polygonum reynoutria f. colorans Makino; Iinuma, Somoku-Dzusetsu, ed. 2, 587 (1910)
= Polygonum reynoutria Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 15: 84 (1901)
= Polygonum reynoutria var. humilis Nakai; Rigakkwai 24: 293 (1926)
= Polygonum sieboldii de Vriese ex L.H.Bailey; Cycl. Amer. Hort. 3: 1393 (1901), nom. superfl.
= Polygonum zuccarinii Small; Mem. Dept. Bot. Columbia Coll. 1: 158 (1895)
= Reynoutria hachidyoensis (Makino) Nakai; Kwagaku-no-Nogyo 14(5): 81 (1933)
= Reynoutria hachidyoensis (Makino) Nakai ex Jôtani; Kwagaku-no-Nogyo 14: 5, p. 81 (1933), Honda in Bot. Mag., Tokyo, xlix. 1 (1935)
= Reynoutria hachidyoensis var. terminalis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 695 (1935)
= Reynoutria hachijoensis Nakai ex Jôtani; Kwagaku-no-Nogyo 13: 5, p. 24 (1932), et Kwagaku-no-Nogyo 14: 1, p.17 (1933), et Kwagaku-no-Nogyo 14: 3 (1932), p. 14 (1933), Honda, Honda in Bot. Mag., Tokyo 49: 1 (1935)
= Reynoutria hastata (Honda) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 741 (1938)
= Reynoutria henryi Nakai; Rigakkai 24: 294 (1926), japonice, Migo in J. Shanghai Sci. Inst. Sect. III. 3: 92 (1935), latine
= Reynoutria japonica f. hastata (Honda) Hiyama; J. Jap. Bot. 36: 95 (1961)
= Reynoutria japonica f. rosea Satomi; J. Geobot. 11: 52 (1962)
= Reynoutria japonica var. elata [Index Seminum (TI, Tokyo) 1919-1920: 35 (1920)]
= Reynoutria japonica var. hastata Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 52: 140 (1938)
= Reynoutria japonica var. humilis (Nakai) Nakai; Rigakkwai 24: 293 (1926)
= Reynoutria japonica var. spectabilis (Noter) Moldenke; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 68: 675 (1941)
= Reynoutria japonica var. terminalis (Honda) Kitag.; Y. Satake et al., Wild Fl. Jap. Herb. Pl. 2: 24 (1982)
= Reynoutria japonica var. uzenensis Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 675 (1932)
= Reynoutria uzenensis (Honda) Honda; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 49: 791 (1935)
= Reynoutria yabeana Honda; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 46: 675 (1932)
= Tiniaria japonica (Houtt.) Hedberg; Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 40: 399 (1946)
species :
Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 68: 675 (1941)
Name: Tuber fleeceflower (EN), Vielblütiger Flügelknöterich (DE)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; China (Anhui, Fujian, S-Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S-Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan; Thailand [I]; Vietnam; USA [I] (California [I])
33 GEO 36 CHI 38 jap kor nns TAI 41 tha VIE 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Aconogonon hypoleucum (Ohwi) Soják; Preslia 46: 151 (1974)
= Bilderdykia multiflora (Thunb.) Roberty & Vautier; Boissiera 10: 55 (1964)
= Fagopyrum multiflorum (Thunb.) Grint.; Savul., Fl. Republ. Popul. Române 1: 476 (1952)
= Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. SSSR 399 (1981), isonym
= Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(2): 77 (1978)
= Fallopia multiflora var. angulata (S.Y.Liu) H.J.Yan, Z.J.Fang & Shi X.Yu; Novon 21(3): 388 (2011)
= Fallopia multiflora var. hypoleuca (Kudo, Sasaki & Ohwi) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72(3): 158 (1997)
= Helxine multiflorum (Thunb.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 10 (1837)
= Pleuropterus cordatus (Thunb.) Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 21: I. 587 (1848)
= Pleuropterus hypoleucus Nakai; Rigakkwai 24: Iv. 6 (1926), nomen
= Pleuropterus multiflorus (Thunb.) Turcz. ex Nakai; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 267 (1914)
= Polygonum chinense Houtt.; Nat. Hist. 2(8): 479 (1777), nom. illeg.
= Polygonum hypoleucum (Nakai) Kudô & Sasaki; Ann. Rep. Taihoku Bot. Gard. 1: 26 (1931)
= Polygonum hypoleucum (Nakai) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7(3): 130 (1938), isonym
= Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.; L., Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 379 (1784)
= Polygonum multiflorum var. angulatum S.Y.Liu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 13(4): 390 (1991)
= Polygonum multiflorum var. hypoleucum (Ohwi) T.S.Liu, S.S.Ying & M.J.Lai; Fl. Taiwan 2: 274 (1976)
= Reynoutria multiflora var. hypoleuca (Kudo, Sasaki & Ohwi) S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 2: 142 (2022)
species :
Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai; T. Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea: 135 (1922)
Name: Giant knotweed (EN), Sachalin-Flügelknöterich, Sachalin-Staudenknöterich (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Liechtenstein [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; France [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; South Africa [I] (KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Primorye [I], Sakhalin); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Australia [I] (New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Montana [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Chile [I] (Los Lagos [I])
10 fin grb ire 11 bgm cze ger hun lie lux net pol slo swi 12 fra 13 bul cro slv 14 blr rus 27 saf 31 RFE 38 JAP KOR 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decr.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 98: 369 (1988)
= Pleuropterus sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Moldenke; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 60: 57 (1933 publ. 1932)
= Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg Divers Savans 9: 233 (1859)
= Reynoutria brachyphylla (Honda) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 740 (1938)
= Tiniaria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 2: 75 (1950)
species :
Reynoutria ×bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková; Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 152(2): 120 (1983)
Name: Bohemian knotweed (EN), Bastard-Flügelknöterich, Bastard-Staudenknöterich (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Ireland [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Nova Scotia [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Minnesota [I], Nebraska [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Tennessee [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I])
10 fin grb ire 11 aut bgm cze ger hun lux net pol slo swi 12 cis fra 13 bul cro slv 14 blr rus 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Remarks: Reynoutria japonica x sachalinensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia sachalinensis var. intermedia (Tatew.) Yonek. & H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 72: 159 (1997)
= Fallopia ×bohemica (Chrtek & Chrtková) J.P.Bailey; Watsonia 17(4): 443 (1989)
= Polygonum sachalinense var. intermedium Tatew.; Res. Bull. Coll. Exp. Forests Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 7: 190 (1932)
= Polygonum ×bohemicum (Chrtek & Chrtková) Zika & Jacobson; Rhodora 105(922): 144 (2003)
= Reynoutria sachalinensis var. intermedia (Tatew.) Miyabe & Kudô; J. Fac. Agr. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. Sapporo 26: 505 (1934)
= Reynoutria ×mizushimae Yokouchi ex T.Shimizu; Fl. Nagano Pref.: 1505 (1997)
= Reynoutria ×vivax J.Schmitz & Strank; Göttinger Flor. Rundbr. 19(1): 19 (1985)
species :
Reynoutria ×moravica (Hodálová & Mered´a) Olshanskyi & Antonenko; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 80(2): 133 (2023)
Distribution: Czech Republic [I]; etc.
11 cze
Remarks: Reynoutria compacta x sachalinensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Fallopia ×moravica Hodálová & Mered´a; Phytotaxa 572(2): 130 (2022)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.3 (May 18th, 2024)

Covering 354,831 accepted species,
8,650 hybrids, 47,763 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,461 synonyms,
in total 1,407,705* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life