Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “Metabolomic niche” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
Enrichment of Metabolic Pathways
3. Discussion
3.1. Metabolome of Forest Floor and Canopy Soils
3.2. Metabolic Profile Differences among Canopy Soils
3.3. Global Overview of the High Diversity of Metabolomic Profile in the Studied Soils
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Study Area
4.2. Soil Sampling and Analysis
4.3. Metabolite Extraction and Analysis
4.4. Metabolite Identification and Quantification
4.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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df | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F | R2 | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soil type | 2 | 2.33 | 1.17 | 8.17 | 0.196 | 0.001 |
Tree species | 12 | 2.61 | 0.22 | 1.52 | 0.219 | 0.001 |
Soil type × Tree species | 13 | 1.83 | 0.14 | 0.98 | 0.153 | 0.56 |
Residuals | 36 | 5.14 | 0.14 | 0.43 | 36 | |
Total | 63 | 11.9 | 1 |
df | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F | R2 | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epiphyte | 4 | 3.47 | 0.50 | 4.00 | 0.291 | 0.001 |
Tree species | 12 | 2.56 | 0.21 | 1.72 | 0.215 | 0.001 |
Epiphyte × Tree species | 20 | 2.91 | 0.15 | 1.17 | 0.244 | 0.031 |
Residuals | 24 | 2.98 | 0.12 | 0.25 | ||
Total | 63 | 11.9 | 1 |
Tree Species | DBH | Epiphytes Collected | Epi Family | Epi Genus | Species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aspidosperma sprucaneaum Benth. Ex Müll.Arg. | 97.1 | 1 | Bromeliaceae | Achmea | A. aquilega |
Couratari oblongifolia Ducke & R. Knuth | 79.1 | 1 | Araceae | Unknown | Philodendron sp. |
Eschweilera coriaceae (DC.) S.A.Mori | 53.0 | 0 | Araceae | Unknown | Philodendron sp. |
Malvaceae Sterculia pruriens | 53.6 | 3 | Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. |
Bromeliaceae | Unknown | M. pleiosticha | |||
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. | |||
Annonaceae Oxandra asbeckii | 53.2 | 2 | Bromeliaceae | Mezobromelia | M. pleiosticha |
Orchidaceae | Unknown | Orchidaceae sp. | |||
Lecythidaceae Gustavia hexapetala | 48.7 | 1 | Bromeliaceae | Achmea | A. aquilega |
Chrysobalanaceae Licania alba | 54.7 | 3 | Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. 1 |
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. | |||
Bromeliaceae | Achmea | A. aquilega | |||
Eperua falcata Aubl. | 81.8 | 3 | Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. |
Orchidaceae | Unknown | Orchidaceae sp. 2 | |||
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. 2 | |||
Moraceae Brosimum guianense | 73.5 | 2 | Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. 1 |
Orchidaceae | Unknown | Orchidaceae sp. | |||
Lecythis persistens Sagot | 47.4 | 3 | Araceae | Anthurium | Anthurium sp. 2 |
Bromeliaceae | Unknown | M. pleiosticha | |||
Orchidaceae | Unknown | Orchidaceae sp. | |||
Micropholis sp. | 69.6 | 2 | Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. |
Bromeliaceae | Achmea | A. aquilega | |||
Poraqueiba guianensis Aubl. | 83.4 | 3 | Orchidaceae | Unknown | Orchidaceae sp. |
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. | |||
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. | |||
Tetragastris sp. | 47.4 | 2 | Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. |
Araceae | Philodendron | Philodendron sp. | |||
Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart | 95.5 | 3 | Araceae | Anthurium | Anthurium sp. |
Aspleniaceae | Asplenium | Asplenium sp. 1 | |||
Bromeliaceae | Unknown | M. pleiosticha |
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Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Sardans, J.; Alrefaei, A.F.; Klem, K.; Fuchslueger, L.; Ramírez-Rojas, I.; Donald, J.; Leroy, C.; Langenhove, L.V.; Verbruggen, E.; et al. Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “Metabolomic niche” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest. Metabolites 2021, 11, 718. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110718
Gargallo-Garriga A, Sardans J, Alrefaei AF, Klem K, Fuchslueger L, Ramírez-Rojas I, Donald J, Leroy C, Langenhove LV, Verbruggen E, et al. Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “Metabolomic niche” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest. Metabolites. 2021; 11(11):718. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110718
Chicago/Turabian StyleGargallo-Garriga, Albert, Jordi Sardans, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Karel Klem, Lucia Fuchslueger, Irene Ramírez-Rojas, Julian Donald, Celine Leroy, Leandro Van Langenhove, Erik Verbruggen, and et al. 2021. "Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “Metabolomic niche” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest" Metabolites 11, no. 11: 718. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110718