FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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TYPE OF FERN - Maidenhair Ferns Page 2 of 2 |
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Adiantum Fern From the Greek adiantos meaning unwetted, refering to the impermeable leaves of some species shedding water. University of Vermont |
Foliage Colour and |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow Adiantum Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
Use of Adiantum Fern |
Comments |
Frond |
Credit |
Form |
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Adiantum raddianum "Delta Maidenhair. Zones 8-10, native to central and South America, natural habitat is rocky cliffs and neutral to alkaline soils, many cultivars, more seen outside America" from University of Vermont |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for Terrarium.
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum raddianum cultivars |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for Terrarium.
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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English: This image shows a maidenhair fern (Adiantum raddianum 'Fragrans'). |
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Adiantum reniforme (Adiantum nelumboides) 荷叶铁线蕨 Sichuan (Shizhu) - This plant is endangered in its native habitat by road building and collection for medicinal use (L. K. Fu & J. M Jin, China Red Data Book 1: 2-3. 1992). It is now cultivated (e.g., in the Wuhan Botanical Garden) as an ornamental. |
Plants 5-20 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, short, scales brown, lanceolate, also multicellular villous. Fronds clustered. |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for Terrarium.
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
Gregarious on rocks or in rock crevices; ca. 300 m. |
Adiantum reniforme . Illustration from Flora of China. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 2 May 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. |
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Adiantum seemannii |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum silvaticum |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum tenurum "Brittle Maidenhair, Zones 7-10, native to tropics where popular and many cultivars" from University of Vermont West Indies. Adiantum tenerum is readily distinguished from other species in the flora by the ultimate segments conspicuously articulate to the stalks. |
Stems short-creeping; scales bicolored, centers dark reddish brown, margins pale tan, erose-ciliate. Leaves arching or sometimes pendent, closely spaced, 20--110 cm. |
To 36 x |
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for House Fern.
Stove Species fern. |
Stove Species. Sporulating throughout the year. Restricted to moist, shaded, limestone ledges, sink walls, and grottoes in the flora; 0--50 m. |
Adiantum tenurum. Illustration from Flora of North America. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 2 May 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. |
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Adiantum tenurum cultivars |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for House Fern.
Stove Species fern. |
Stove Species. |
Adiantum tenerum specimen in the Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany. Date: 2 May 2011. By Daderot, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Adiantum x tracyi |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum trapeziforme (Adiantum formosissimum, Adiantum rhomboideum, Adiantum eminens, Adiantum trapeziformer oblongatum) Diamond maidenhair Fern, Giant Maidenhair Fern Tender in Native to Central America, Mexico and the West Indies. |
It has triangular blades up to four-pinnate, with a terminal pinna similar to the lateral ones. |
40 x 40 |
Maidenhair Fern Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for Conservatory or Heated Greenhouse. Sun-tolerant Fern. Ferns found on Limestone or Basic Soils. Ferns for Hanging Baskets Stove Species Fern type. |
Stove Species. Grows in moist potting mix. Evergreen but deciduous in cooler climates. Can be grown in both pots and hanging baskets in Australia. A little mist spraying each week to increase humidity will be beneficial in summer. The soil needs to be moist humus rich and well drained. Fertilise with a little liquid seaweed fertiliser in spring and again in mid summer. Other germination instructions. |
Picture of Adiantum trapeziforme. By Oeropium via Wkimedia Commons. |
Ferns Of The World VS. WORLDWIDE DIVERSITY Families 98.04% Based on an estimate of 51 families worldwide. Total number of families on the Ferns Of The World website = 50.
Genera 78.04% Based on an estimate of 337 genera worldwide. Total number of genera on the Ferns Of The World website = 263.
species 8.68% Based on an estimate of 11,916 species worldwide. Total number of species on the Ferns Of The World website = 1034. |
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Adiantum venustum (Adiantum venustum var. wuliangense) "Zones 9-10, native to Himalayas and Afganistan " from University of Vermont Xizang, Yunnan (Jingdong, Wuliang Shan) [Bhutan, India, Kashmir, N Myanmar, Nepal]. 细叶铁线蕨 |
Plants terrestrial, 25-50 cm tall. Rhizomes decumbent, thick, scales dense, dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, margins entire. Fronds remote. |
24 x Zones 4b to 8a - This dainty-looking evergreen gem is amazingly cold hardy but less thrilled with long hot summers. However, when given enough summer moisture, it has performed admirably in our NC woodland garden. While slow to get started, Adiantum venustum makes a nice patch to 3' wide in 5-10 years, depending on the quality of soil preparation. In 1996, we saw Adiantum venustum growing at 11,000' elevation on a rocky outcrop in the mountains of Yunnan, China...a testament to its ruggedness. In cultivation, Adiantum venustum is a superb, easy-to-grow, deer-resistant, evergreen groundcover for the woodland garden! |
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
Greenhouse and Hardy Species. Rock crevices, mountain slopes; 2000-2900 m. |
English: Adiantum venustum - "botanika" Bremen |
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Adiantum villosum |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum philippense (Adiantum arcuatum ; Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Kashmir, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; tropics and subtropics of Africa, Oceania]. 半月形铁线蕨 |
Plants terrestrial or epilithic, 10-50 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, short, scales dark brown, lanceolate, margins denticulate. Fronds clustered. |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
Gregarious on shaded wet places or on acidic soil in forests, sometimes rupicolous; 100-2000 m. |
Adiantum philippense. Illustration from Flora of China. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 2 May 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. |
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Adiantum poiretii |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum polyphyllum |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum polyphyllum specimen in the Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany. Date: 2 May 2011.By Daderot, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Adiantum princeps |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum pubescens |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum pulverulentum |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum pulverulentum specimen in the Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany. Date: 2 May 2011. Source: Self-photographed. Author: Daderot, via Wikimedia Commons. At long last, a plant that photographs itself, perhaps Daderot can teach them English and how to use computers, so that plants can put photos of themselves together with the required text into Wikimedia Commons!!! |
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Adiantum pentadactylon |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum pentadactylon cultivars |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
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Adiantum peruvianum Peru |
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12 x |
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove Species fern. |
Stove Species. |
Adiantum peruvianum growing at Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens in Pittsburgh. Date: 19 July 2007, Author: Tom Murphy VII. Attribution: I, Brighterorange, via Wikimedia Commons.
Adiantum peruvianum. Date: 28 May 2008. By Jerzy Opioła, via Wikimedia Commons. Looks like sori on edges of leaves. |
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Adiantum pedatum (Adiantum aleuticum ; Hardy to -37 degrees Centigrade (-35 degrees Fahrenheit), Grows in North America, Central and Eastern United States, Canada, Alaska, North India, Japan and eastern Asia. "Zones 3-8 native to North America and East Asia, the 8-20 forked pinnate leaf segments are in a horse-shape arrangemen from the central stalk" from University of Vermont
掌叶铁线蕨 |
Dainty, bright green fronds are held aloft on shiny black stems. The fronds are in clusters from the clump-forming rhizome. Plants terrestrial, 40-60 cm tall. Rhizomes erect or decumbent, scales dark brown, broadly lanceolate, margins entire. Fronds clustered or approximate. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Japan, Korea, Nepal; North America]. The whole plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine. |
12-24 x 12-18 Spacing 10 (25) Dainty, bright green fronds are held aloft on shiny black stems, creating a light, airy texture in the woodland garden. In rich soil and bright shade it will spread by shallow rhizomes to form a dense groundcover. Found in the humus-rich woodlands and moist woods of Eastern North America. Easy to grow as long as the soil is loose and rich. |
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for Border and Foundation Ferns Cold-hardy Ferns Ground Cover Lime-hating Ferns Shade-Tolerant Ferns Hardy Species Fern of the Stove, greenhouse and hardy fern types. |
Clump-forming. Deciduous Hardy Fern being dormant in the winter. In Part Sun to Light Shade. It can be found in humus-rich woodlands and moist woods in acidic to neutral, moist, well-drained soils. Does not tolerate clay. Happier in cooler climates and can take more sun in northern zones. Spreads by shallow rhizomes. Propagate by dividing rhizomes in spring. Best used as a groundcover in the woodland or rock garden or as an edge or border in the shaded garden. A hardy fern which thrives in cold districts, but which is very difficult to grow in areas with a warm to hot climate. Plants may be deciduous in cold regions.It likes shady conditions and plenty of moisture and are best grown in the ground as they dislike being pot-bound. Acid organically-rich loams are very suitable and the plants appreciate applications of surface mulches. |
Without a doubt, the widespread Adiantum pedatum (Canada south to Florida) is one of our most elegant North American native ferns. The horizontal horseshoe-like wreath of foliage rests atop 18-24" tall, wiry black stems. Northern maidenhair fern thrives in moist, rich soil, but also grows well in all but the driest of woodland garden sites. The light, airy, fine texture of Adiantum pedatum fronds serves as a perfect backdrop for hostas and other bold foliage plants. In early April, this deciduous native fern unfurls for a true Kodak moment. In 10 years, expect a 2' wide deer-resistant clump. |
Frond from Image 3 from Adiantum pedatum of Denver Botanic Gardens. Form from Image 2 from Adiantum pedatum of Denver Botanic Gardens. |
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Adiantum pedatum cultivars |
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Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) Propagation: By spores sown on fine sandy peat, kept moist and shaded under bell-glass. |
Suitable for
Stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns types. |
Hardy Species. |
Adiantum pedatum var. aleuticum - a form from Canada, Alaska and the states of north-western USA in which the branches of the fronds are strongly ascending and have fewer, more deeply-lobed pinnules. Deciduous and very cold hardy. Adiantum pedatum var. subpumilum - a dwarf form originating from north-western North America and Vancouver Island off Canada. Fronds are somewhat glaucous and pinnules overlap to give a crowded impression. Very adaptable in cultivation. Comes true from spore. Adiantum pedatum ssp. calderi - and upright form from north-eastern North America. Plants form a crowded clump and the fronds are glaucous with fairly small pinnules. Adiantum pedatum 'Asiaticum' - a form with drooping fronds. Adiantum pedatum 'Imbricatum' - another form often confused with var. aleuticum. It has crowded, stiffly erect fronds which are markedly glaucous. Attractive when planted among rocks. |
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Adiantum pedatum 'Japonicum' - a form from Japan with pinkish-bronze new fronds. Adiantum pedatum 'Miss Sharples' - a form with yellowish-green new fronds. Adiantum pedatum 'Montanum' - compact grower. |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
Topic
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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