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2018, Revista de Biología Tropical
Detailed distribution maps for the major bromeliad genera native to Costa Rica were prepared bases on the collections in the three largest herbaria of the country and on citations from the literature. Most records are from the montane habitats, probably reflecting the frequent need for moisture by these plants. Vriesea ans Guzmania have been collected mostly in moist lowland habitats. In 1975, Burt-Utley and Utley had hypothesized that the Holdridge Life Zone System should fit the distribution of epiphytic bromeliads because soil (a factor not considered in the System) is not important in their occurrence. However, on average, species were absent in about half of the Life Zones where they were expected to occur according to the Holdridge classification. It is hypothesized that the System failed because epiphytic bromeliad distribution reflects factor interactions rather than humidity, light or temperature individually.
2013 •
Biotropica
Establishment of Epiphytic Bromeliads in Successional Tropical Premontane Forests in Costa Rica2008 •
Journal of Tropical Ecology
Dispersal limitation in epiphytic bromeliad communities in a Costa Rican fragmented montane landscape2009 •
Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants
Floristics and environmental factors determining the geographic distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest2012 •
Basic and Applied Ecology
Epiphytic bromeliad communities in secondary and mature forest in a tropical premontane area2006 •
2009 •
We studied the community and habitat occupation of epiphytes to understand how these plants cope with a supposedly stressful habitat: i) how general epiphytes occupy tree trunks, ii) how epiphytic bromeliads, occupy their supportive trees, iii) how CAM bromeliads are spatially distributed. The study was done in the dry forest of Jacarepiá, State of Rio de Janeiro. Data collection on epiphytes, phorophytes, and trees was based on the point-center quarter method. The photosynthetic pathway of the bromeliad species was determined using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The presence of Gesneriaceae, Araceae, and Cactaceae indicates that some humidity is present in the area allowing the presence of supposedly less-specialized epiphytes. There was no correlation between epiphyte abundance and phorophyte diameter, and phorophytes had larger sizes than trees that do not host epiphytes. There was correlation between tree diameter and bromeliad abundance, and lack of correlation between diameter and bromeliad richness. Only one species was typical of the understorey and one was typical of the canopy, while intermediate heights were occupied by different species. The only C3 bromeliad species (Vriesea procera (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Wittm.) was significantly more exposed than the other species. If CAM occurrence is related to water economy, the fact that a C3 species is subjected to more exposed conditions is remarkable. Further comments are presented on the proportion between CAM bromeliad species and abundance in dry forest. Regarding life forms, holoepiphytes, as opposed to hemiepiphytes, showed not to be restricted by the phorophyte's diameter suggesting a more successful establishment of this life form.
Families with a high proportion of epiphytic species, like the family Bromeliaceae, are important ecological components in the neotropics contributing to the high biotic diversity present. This is the first study to compare the epiphytic bromeliad and host species composition and factors driving this distribution (microclimate, mesoclimate, canopy structure, host species identities) in dry environments, along five different vegetation types in a precipitation gradient of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. We established plots in coastal sand dune, mangrove, and seasonally dry deciduous, semi-deciduous and sub-perennial forests to characterize the structure and composition of the epiphytic bromeliads and hosts communities, and measured the microclimate (light and VPD) in which bromeliads were growing. Within each plot, all possible hosts were counted, identified and tagged, adult bromeliads also were counted and identified; height of the canopy strata, were the epiphytes were found, was ...
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