Rutaceae
Citrus

Citrus × aurantium L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 783 (1753)
This hybrid is accepted
The native range of this hybrid is a cultigen from S. China. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the subtropical biome. The hybrid formula is C. maxima × C. reticulata. It is has environmental uses and social uses, as animal food, a poison and a medicine and for food.

Descriptions

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Evergreen shrubs or trees
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 1-foliolate, usually with petiole winged and articulated at the tip, gland-dotted
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers usually bisexual, axillary, sometimes clustered, fragrant
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals white
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens in bundles
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit a leathery-skinned berry known as a “hesperidium”, segmented and filled with inflated hair-cells full of juice; fruit subglobose, c. 7 cm in diam.; peel orange, thick; pulp very sour and bitter.
Distribution
Cultivated at least in N2.
Vernacular
Seville orange, sour orange (English); liin dhanaan (Somali).
[FSOM]

Rutaceae, J.O. Kokwaro (University of Nairobi). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1982

Morphology General Habit
Tree up to 10 m. high, with slender thorns; stem glabrous.
Morphology Leaves
Leaflet ovate or elliptic, 7–10 cm. long, 4–7 cm. broad; petiole 2–3 cm. long, rather broadly winged.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers axillary, large, white, with only 5–12% staminate; stamens 20–25; ovary 10–12-locular.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit subglobose, ± 7 cm. in diameter; peel thick, rough, strongly aromatic, often orange-red at maturity; pulp very sour and bitter.
[FTEA]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 1000 - 2500 m.; Andes, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit
Arbusto, árbol
[CPLC]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
mandarina, mandarina arrayana, mandarina cleopatra, mandarina común, mandarina israelita, mandarina oneco, mandarina reina, mandarina satsuma, mandarina tangolea, mandarino , naranja, naranja ácida, naranja agria, naranja china, naranja común, naranja criolla, naranja de Valencia, naranja dulce, naranja dulce de la China, naranja espinaluna, naranja navel, naranja ombligona, naranja sevillana, naranja valencia, naranjo, naranja agrio , naranjo dulce , naranjo calambombo
[UNAL]

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 200–2500 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas, Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupés.
Habit
Small tree.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, artificial - terrestrial.
Vernacular
Naranja ácida, Naranja agria
[UPFC]

Uses

Use
The citrus fruits are of economic importance.
[FSOM]

Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Gene Sources
Used as gene sources.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Poisons
Poisons.
Use Social
Social uses.
[UPFC]

Common Names

English
Pummelo, Seville Orange

Sources

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0