Code
VICSA
VICSA
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Vicia alba Moench |
| synonym | Vicia alba Moench |
| synonym | Vicia bacla Moench |
| synonym | Vicia bobartii E. Forster |
| synonym | Vicia bobartii E. Forster |
| synonym | Vicia communis Rouy |
| synonym | Vicia cornigera Chaub. |
| synonym | Vicia cornigera St.-Amans |
| synonym | Vicia cosentini Guss. |
| synonym | Vicia cuneata Gren. & Godr. |
| synonym | Vicia erythosperma Rchb. |
| synonym | Vicia glabra Schleich. |
| synonym | Vicia globosa Retz. |
| synonym | Vicia globosa Retz. |
| synonym | Vicia intermedia Viv. |
| synonym | Vicia leucosperma Moench |
| synonym | Vicia maculata Rouy |
| synonym | Vicia melanosperma Rchb. |
| synonym | Vicia morisiana Boreau |
| synonym | Vicia nemoralis Boreau |
| synonym | Vicia nemoralis Ten. |
| synonym | Vicia notota Gilib. |
| synonym | Vicia pallida Baker |
| synonym | Vicia pimpinelloides Mauri |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. notata Asch. & Graebn. |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. notata Asch. & Graebn. |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. sativa |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. sativa |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. terana (Losa) Benedi & Molero |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. terana (Losa) Benedi & Molero |
| synonym | Vicia sativa subsp. terana (Losa)Benedi & Molero |
| synonym | Vicia sativa var. linearis Lange |
| synonym | Vicia sativa var. linearis Lange |
| synonym | Vicia terana Losa |
| synonym | Vicia vulgaris Uspensky |
🗒 Common Names
| Afrikaans |
|
| Anglais / English |
|
| Arabic |
|
| Créole Maurice |
|
| Créole Réunion |
|
| English |
|
| French |
|
| Hindi |
|
| Urdu |
|
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Vicia sativa is a small annual herb, trailing or ascending, clinging to supports by its leafy, hairy tendrils, 10 to 80 cm long. The leaves are alternate; consist of 4 to 8 pairs of leaflets. The leaflets are opposite or sub- opposite, oblong or linear. The axis of leaves ends with a long branched tendrils. The flowers are reddish, purple, blue or white, solitary or by 2 at the end of a short axis at the base of the leaves. The fruits are long pods, 35 to 70 mm, embossed at maturity, glabrescent to pubescent, containing 6 to 12 small lens shaped seeds.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons usually remain in the soil and are therefore not visible.
First leaves
First leaves alternate, compound, long-stalked and with a single pair of leaflets until the third or fourth leaf. The rachis ends in a long single tendril. At the base of the petiole is a pair of hastate stipules. The lamina of the leaflets are linear lanceolate, mucronate at the top, ten times longer than wide.
General habit
Trailing herbaceous plant or erect, often climbing with split leafy tendrils. It measures 10 to 80 cm long.
Underground system
Taproot.
Stem
Stem angular, finely ribbed, solid, finely pubescent.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound, paripinnate, 4 to 10 cm long. First leaves are stalked while the leaves from the stem and the terminal leaves are subsessile. Stipules hastate, serrated, 3 to 8 mm long and 2 to 5 mm wide, marked with a glandular spot. First leaf with a pair of leaflets, then gradually more numerous up to 8 pairs for the leaves of adult plant. Leaflets are subsessile and sub opposite along the rachis. The blade is linear to oblong or narrowly obovate, 10 to 40 mm long and 2 to 15 mm wide, mucronate at the top and with cornered base. The margin is entire, dotted with a few hairs and slightly visible venation is arched. The two sides are glabrescent or sparsely hairy. The rachis ends in a branched tendril as long as the rachis.
Inflorescence
Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs, on short axis. The axis of the upper flower can be occasionally longer.
Flower
Flowers with fused calyx, 7 to 12 mm long, finely pubescent or glabrescent, with 5 linear sub equal tines. Corolla reddish, purple, blue or white in colour, 7 to 25 mm long, with well spread circular standard.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, flattened pod, not articulated, extended by a short beak, 35 to 70 mm long and 5 to 9mm wide. Valves pubescent to glabrescent, dehiscent. A pod contains 6 to 12 seeds.
Seed
Spherical seed, slightly compressed, 2.5 to 7 mm in diameter, smooth tegument, brown to reddish brown, sometimes mottled.
Vicia sativa is a small annual herb, trailing or ascending, clinging to supports by its leafy, hairy tendrils, 10 to 80 cm long. The leaves are alternate; consist of 4 to 8 pairs of leaflets. The leaflets are opposite or sub- opposite, oblong or linear. The axis of leaves ends with a long branched tendrils. The flowers are reddish, purple, blue or white, solitary or by 2 at the end of a short axis at the base of the leaves. The fruits are long pods, 35 to 70 mm, embossed at maturity, glabrescent to pubescent, containing 6 to 12 small lens shaped seeds.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons usually remain in the soil and are therefore not visible.
First leaves
First leaves alternate, compound, long-stalked and with a single pair of leaflets until the third or fourth leaf. The rachis ends in a long single tendril. At the base of the petiole is a pair of hastate stipules. The lamina of the leaflets are linear lanceolate, mucronate at the top, ten times longer than wide.
General habit
Trailing herbaceous plant or erect, often climbing with split leafy tendrils. It measures 10 to 80 cm long.
Underground system
Taproot.
Stem
Stem angular, finely ribbed, solid, finely pubescent.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound, paripinnate, 4 to 10 cm long. First leaves are stalked while the leaves from the stem and the terminal leaves are subsessile. Stipules hastate, serrated, 3 to 8 mm long and 2 to 5 mm wide, marked with a glandular spot. First leaf with a pair of leaflets, then gradually more numerous up to 8 pairs for the leaves of adult plant. Leaflets are subsessile and sub opposite along the rachis. The blade is linear to oblong or narrowly obovate, 10 to 40 mm long and 2 to 15 mm wide, mucronate at the top and with cornered base. The margin is entire, dotted with a few hairs and slightly visible venation is arched. The two sides are glabrescent or sparsely hairy. The rachis ends in a branched tendril as long as the rachis.
Inflorescence
Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs, on short axis. The axis of the upper flower can be occasionally longer.
Flower
Flowers with fused calyx, 7 to 12 mm long, finely pubescent or glabrescent, with 5 linear sub equal tines. Corolla reddish, purple, blue or white in colour, 7 to 25 mm long, with well spread circular standard.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, flattened pod, not articulated, extended by a short beak, 35 to 70 mm long and 5 to 9mm wide. Valves pubescent to glabrescent, dehiscent. A pod contains 6 to 12 seeds.
Seed
Spherical seed, slightly compressed, 2.5 to 7 mm in diameter, smooth tegument, brown to reddish brown, sometimes mottled.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Algeria: Vicia sativa germinates in autumn-winter; flowering takes place from March to June.
Thomas Le Bourgeois, KAZI TANI Choukry
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Reproduction
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Vicia sativa is an annual plant. It multiplies by seed only.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Size
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Liana climbing structure
Liana with tendrils
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Leaf ratio medium
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Ridged or grooved
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
Stipule dissected or laciniate
Stipule with appendix
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Pod
Pod type
Compressed pod in section
Lamina base
rounded
Lamina margin
hairy
entire
Lamina apex
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Less hairy
Upperface hair type
Long
Lowerface pilosity
Less hairy
Glabrous
Lowerface hair type
Long
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
in arc
Flower color
Pinkish
Purple
Inflorescence type
Axillary solitary flower
Glomerulate
Stem pilosity
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Pubescent
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Vicia sativa can be easily confused with other three species of the genus Vicia present in the region V. villosa Roth, V. hirsuta (L.) Gray, V. tetrasperma (L.) Schreb. The main characters to differentiate these species are:
- V. villosa: flowers in groups of 20 to 40, pod 20 to 30 mm long.
- V. hirsuta: flowers in groups of 1 to 6, pod 7 to 10 mm long, 2-seeded.
- V. tetrasperma: flowers in groups of 1 to 6, pod 8 to 15 mm long, containing 3 to 4 seeds.
- V. villosa: flowers in groups of 20 to 40, pod 20 to 30 mm long.
- V. hirsuta: flowers in groups of 1 to 6, pod 7 to 10 mm long, 2-seeded.
- V. tetrasperma: flowers in groups of 1 to 6, pod 8 to 15 mm long, containing 3 to 4 seeds.
| Vicia sativa | Vicia hirsuta | |
| Leaflets |
oblong 10 to 40 mm long 2 to 15 mm large |
Narrowly linear 5 to 20 mm long 1 to 3 mm de large |
| Pods |
35 to 70 mm long 5 to 9 mm large |
7 to 10 mm long 3 to 4 mm large |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Physiology
Vicia sativa is a C3 species.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Ecology
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
It may be cultivated as a fodder or grow as spontaneous plant in the cultural fields, sandy places and road sides.
Algeria: Vicia sativa is an uncommon species in the cereal systems (winter wheat, fallows, catch crops). It adapts to all types of soil.
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: Species present in the Highlands, introduced as a forage species.
Mauritius: Species established on the island as ruderal or weed.
Reunion: Species very well established in Cilaos but also in Tampon and at low and medium altitudes throughout the wet perimeter of the island.
Seychelles: Absent.
Algeria: Vicia sativa is an uncommon species in the cereal systems (winter wheat, fallows, catch crops). It adapts to all types of soil.
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: Species present in the Highlands, introduced as a forage species.
Mauritius: Species established on the island as ruderal or weed.
Reunion: Species very well established in Cilaos but also in Tampon and at low and medium altitudes throughout the wet perimeter of the island.
Seychelles: Absent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Reunion Island
Mauritius
Origin
Vicia sativa is native to the Mediterranean basin and the whole of Europe and Asia.
Worldwide distribution
This species is now subcosmopolitan, present on all continents.
Algeria: Common species in the Tell, rare elsewhere.
Thomas Le Bourgeois, KAZI TANI Choukry
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Local harmfulness
Algeria: Vicia sativa is a minor weed. Uncommon and not very abundant, it does not generally constitute a nuisance for cultivation.
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: V. sativa is a weed infrequent in culture.
Mauritius: A weed rarely found in crops.
Pakistan: In Punjab it is a minor winter weed.
Reunion: Important weed of vegetable crops and more particularly lentil culture in cirque de Cilaos for which it represents a very special major constraint. It is present in over 80% of the plots and its covering can reach 50%. This species belongs to the tribe of Fabae, just like the lentil, which does not allow its chemical weed control because at present there is no effective herbicide against this species and selective to lentils. Manual weeding is also very difficult because on one hand this plant resembles that of the crop at the early stage, and on the other hand, the vast majority of individuals develop in the seed pocket. Indeed, V. sativa has a crop cycle similar to that of the lentils and to produce seed at the time of harvest of the lentils. In addition, the seed size of V. sativa (2.8 to 3.5 mm in diameter) is very similar to that of the lentils (2.7 to 5 mm in diameter) which does not facilitate their separation at the sorting on the gravity table. The main difference between the seeds of these two species is on color and shape; almost black and nearly spherical for V. sativa; light brown to almost black and slightly flattened for the lentils. However, the heterogeneity in size, shape and color of the lentils can allow the seeds of V. sativa go unnoticed. So many seeds of this species are found in the crop, mixed with those of the lens. The seed used comes from the previous harvest or from the end of sorting the gravity table (where the lentils is still mixed with other things) or directly after threshing without sorting on the gravity table. Thus the seed lots may contain a large percentage of V. sativa seeds that are sown along the lentils in bunches. It is important to sow uncontaminated seeds, in order to facilitate mechanical weeding between the rows.
Seychelles: Absent
Algeria: Vicia sativa is a minor weed. Uncommon and not very abundant, it does not generally constitute a nuisance for cultivation.
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: V. sativa is a weed infrequent in culture.
Mauritius: A weed rarely found in crops.
Pakistan: In Punjab it is a minor winter weed.
Reunion: Important weed of vegetable crops and more particularly lentil culture in cirque de Cilaos for which it represents a very special major constraint. It is present in over 80% of the plots and its covering can reach 50%. This species belongs to the tribe of Fabae, just like the lentil, which does not allow its chemical weed control because at present there is no effective herbicide against this species and selective to lentils. Manual weeding is also very difficult because on one hand this plant resembles that of the crop at the early stage, and on the other hand, the vast majority of individuals develop in the seed pocket. Indeed, V. sativa has a crop cycle similar to that of the lentils and to produce seed at the time of harvest of the lentils. In addition, the seed size of V. sativa (2.8 to 3.5 mm in diameter) is very similar to that of the lentils (2.7 to 5 mm in diameter) which does not facilitate their separation at the sorting on the gravity table. The main difference between the seeds of these two species is on color and shape; almost black and nearly spherical for V. sativa; light brown to almost black and slightly flattened for the lentils. However, the heterogeneity in size, shape and color of the lentils can allow the seeds of V. sativa go unnoticed. So many seeds of this species are found in the crop, mixed with those of the lens. The seed used comes from the previous harvest or from the end of sorting the gravity table (where the lentils is still mixed with other things) or directly after threshing without sorting on the gravity table. Thus the seed lots may contain a large percentage of V. sativa seeds that are sown along the lentils in bunches. It is important to sow uncontaminated seeds, in order to facilitate mechanical weeding between the rows.
Seychelles: Absent
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Management
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Global control
Chemical: Post-emergence application of 2,4-D at 500 g/ha or metsulfuron at 4 g/ha.
dummy
| Attributions | dummy |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- - Chhokar R. S., Chauhan D. S., Sharma R. K., Singh R. K. and Singh R. P. 2002. Major weeds of wheat and their management. Bulletin No. 13. Directorate of Wheat Research. Haryana, India.
- - Backer C. A., Bakhuizen Van Den Brink R. C. 1963. Flora of Java (Spermatophytes only). Noordhoff, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Lebreton, G. and T. Le Bourgeois (2005). Analyse de la flore adventice de la lentille à Cilaos - Réunion. Saint Pierre, Réunion, Cirad: 19 p.
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.
- Heuzé V., Tran G., Baumont R., 2015. Common vetch (Vicia sativa). Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/239 Last updated on May 11, 2015, 14:31
Information Listing > References
- - Chhokar R. S., Chauhan D. S., Sharma R. K., Singh R. K. and Singh R. P. 2002. Major weeds of wheat and their management. Bulletin No. 13. Directorate of Wheat Research. Haryana, India.
- - Backer C. A., Bakhuizen Van Den Brink R. C. 1963. Flora of Java (Spermatophytes only). Noordhoff, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Lebreton, G. and T. Le Bourgeois (2005). Analyse de la flore adventice de la lentille à Cilaos - Réunion. Saint Pierre, Réunion, Cirad: 19 p.
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.
- Heuzé V., Tran G., Baumont R., 2015. Common vetch (Vicia sativa). Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/239 Last updated on May 11, 2015, 14:31
AdvenAlg 1.1 : Identification et Connaissance des Principales Adventices d'Algérie Méditerranéenne
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisImages
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Vicia%2520sativa
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Vicia |
| Species | Vicia sativa L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
