Abstract
Quince , Cydonia oblonga Mill. is one of the most important pome fruit species in the Rosaceae family. The genus Cydonia is monospecific and includes only a single species. Quince is grown for both fruit production and rootstock , and pear scion cultivars . It is cultivated for fruit production all over the world but most of the production is around its origin . Its fruits are used both for fresh consumption and for industry such as jam, jelly, marmalade, canning etc. Quince rootstocks such as Quince A and Quince C provide dwarfing to pear scion cultivars . The cultivar breeding by intraspecific crossing is very limited, and mostly all the cultivars in the production are selections from either nature or backyards. There are a few quince germplasm resources in the world characterized phenotypically and by different molecular marker systems. There are also studies aiming to produce quince x apple and pear x quince intergeneric crosses for rootstock . Quince is highly sensitive to fire blight ( Erwinia amylovora Burril) which is the most important problem in fruit and rootstock production . Although genomic resources are very limited for Cydonia, apple and pear genomic resources in genebanks can be used for genetic and molecular studies in quince . It is necessary to have a large germplasm collection from diverse countries and with segregating populations for economically-important characters to start genetic studies in quince . This will allow use of molecular tools in the future breeding programs in quince .
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Acknowledgements
We thank to Dr. Adnan Dogan and Mehmet Emin Akçay from Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute in Yalova provinces of Turkey for providing several photos.
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Appendices
Appendix 1
Research institutes and germplasm resources and contact person.
Germplasm location | Country | Number of accessions | Contact address |
|---|---|---|---|
National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) Corvallis, Oregon | United States | 100 | jpostman@ars-grin.gov. |
Nikita Botanical Gardens | Ukraine | 219 | p.lapshin@mail.ru |
Department of National Agriculture Research Foundation Naoussa | Greece | 49 | palexios(at)agro.auth.gr |
Atatürk Horticultural Research Institute Yalova | Turkey | 40 | Skafkas@cu.edu.tr |
Çukurova University Pozantı Agriculture and Research Center | Turkey | 13 | bimrak@cu.edu.tr |
Aegean Agricultural Research İnstitute | Turkey | 31 | mugesahin67@hotmail.com |
Horticultural Research İnstitute of Eğridir-İsparta | Turkey | 17 | ergul@agri.ankara.edu.tr |
Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Azad University | Iran | 40 | Khorramdel.mahsa@gmail.com |
Kompetenzzentrum obstbau-Bodensee (KOB) Research station | Germany | 22 | haibo@kob-bavendorf.de |
Institute of Botany, Armenian National Academy of Sciences Department of Plant Taxonomy , Yerevan | Armenia | 18 | vancat@freenet.am |
The Schroeder Institute Breeding and Germplasm Collections | Uzbekistan | 4 | zaurov@aesop. rutgers.edu |
Agricultural University, Department of Phytopathology, Poldiv | Bulgaria | 10 | svetoslavbobev@abv.bg |
East Malling Research Station | United Kingdom | 22 | |
N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersberg | Russian Federation | 16 | n.dzyubenko@vir.nw.ru |
Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany Georgian Academy of Sciences | Georgia | 10 | mosulish@usa.net |
INRA | France | 4 | |
Turkmenian Experiment Station Kara-Kala | Turkmenistan | 16 | n.dzyubenko@vir.nw.ru |
Appendix 2
A list of cultivars , their important traits and cultivation location.
Name | Origin | Type | Fabraea | Mildew | Rust | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aiva from Gebeseud | Turkmenistan | Wild | 1.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) | 3.7 | (3) |
Aiva from Kara-Kala no. 9 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 3.8 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Akhtubinskaya O.P. sdlg 2 | Russia | Seedling | 2.8 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Akhtubinskaya O.P. sdlg 3 | Russia | Seedling | 3.6 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Akhtubinskaya O.P. sdlg 4 | Russia | Seedling | 3.4 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Aromatnaya | Russia | Seedling | 1.8 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Bereczki (=Vrajna) | Serbia | Seedling | 5.0 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg 1—Alema | Armenia | Wild | 6.4 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg 2—Alema | Armenia | Wild | 6.8 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg 3—Alema | Armenia | Wild | 7.4 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Arakseni | Armenia | Wild | 6.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Arakseni | Armenia | Wild | 7.6 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Arakseni | Armenia | Wild | 6.0 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Babaneuri | Georgia | Wild | 4.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Babaneuri | Georgia | Wild | 4.2 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Babaneuri | Georgia | Wild | 6.0 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Dusheti | Georgia | Wild | 4.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Dusheti | Georgia | Wild | 3.4 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Dusheti | Georgia | Wild | 4.4 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Megri | Armenia | Wild | 5.8 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.4 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Megri | Armenia | Wild | 2.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Megri | Armenia | Wild | 2.6 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 4.2 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Seghani | Armenia | Wild | 5.8 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Seghani | Armenia | Wild | 7.4 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 3.8 | (5) |
C. oblonga sdlg—Seghani | Armenia | Wild | 7.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 3.4 | (5) |
Champion | United States | Fruit | 3.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Coburg | United States | Fruit | 3.0 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) |
Chaenomels Cathayensis | United States | Ornamental | 4.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Cooke’s Jumbo | California | Fruit | 4.2 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Ekmek | Turkey | Fruit | 2.8 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Fontenay | France | Rootstock | 4.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Gourton of Esfahan | Iran | Fruit | 4.0 | (2) | 3.0 | (2) | 1.0 | (2) |
Hand Quince sdlg 1 | Armenia | Seedling | 4.0 | (2) | 2.0 | (2) | 2.0 | (2) |
Hand Quince sdlg 2 | Armenia | Seedling | 5.0 | (2) | 1.0 | (2) | 1.0 | (2) |
Hasardagskaya | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 7.0 | (5) | 5.0 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Havran | Turkey | Fruit | 4.2 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Isfahan | Iran | Fruit | 1.8 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 2.2 | (5) |
Karakalinskaya no. 6 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 2.2 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 4.2 | (5) |
Karakelskaya no. 5 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 1.7 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) |
Karp’s Sweet—Majes | Peru | Fruit | 6.0 | (5) | 5.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Valley, Araquipa | Fruit | |||||||
Kashenko no. 8 | Ukraine | Fruit | 3.0 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Kaunching | United States | Fruit | 2.3 | (3) | 3.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (3) |
Khrimskaya Aromatnaya | Ukraine | Fruit | 1.6 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.0 | (4) |
Kichikara Dede 88-1 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 1.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Kichikara Dede 88-2 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 6.2 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Krimskaya | Ukraine | Fruit | 2.2 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Krukovskaya O.P. sdlg2 2 | Russia | Seedling | 4.6 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Krukovskaya O.P. sdlg3 3 | Russia | Seedling | 2.2 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
Krukovskaya O.P. sdlg4 4 | Russia | Seedling | 3.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 3.4 | (5) |
Kuganskaya | Ukraine | Fruit | 2.3 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Le Borgeot | France | Fruit | 4.2 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 4.2 | (5) |
Limon | Turkey | Fruit | 1.4 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Maslenka Rannaya O.P.1 | Russia | Seedling | 3.0 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Maslenka Rannaya O.P.2 | Russia | Seedling | 2.4 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Maslenka Rannaya O.P.3 | Russia | Seedling | 3.4 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 3.0 | (5) |
Meech’s Prolific | United States | Fruit | 4.2 | (5) | 1.7 | (3) | 2.8 | (5) |
Miradzhi 88-2 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 1.4 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Myakoplodnaya | Ukraine | Fruit | 3.0 | (2) | 3.0 | (2) | 2.0 | (2) |
Pigwa S-1 | Poland | Rootstock | 7.2 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Pigwa S-1 | Poland | Rootstock | 6.0 | (5) | 5.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Pigwa S-2 | Poland | Rootstock | 2.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Pigwa S-3 | Poland | Rootstock | 5.8 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.6 | (5) |
Pigwa S-3 | Poland | Rootstock | 2.3 | (3) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.0 | (3) |
Pillnitz 1 | Germany | Rootstock | 4.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 2.2 | (5) |
Pillnitz 2 | Germany | Rootstock | 5.0 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Pillnitz 3 | Germany | Rootstock | 5.0 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Pillnitz 5 | Germany | Rootstock | 5.4 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Pineapple | California | Fruit | 3.2 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Portugiesische | Portugal | Fruit | 4.2 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | ||
BA-29-C | France | Rootstock | 4.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.0 | (5) |
Provence (BA-29) | France | Ornamental | 4.0 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Pseudocydonia | Chinese | Ornamental | 4.0 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Quince —Angers, France | France | Rootstock | 6.4 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Quince —OSU Medford | France | Rootstock | 5.2 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Quince A Quince A | United Kingdom | Rootstock | 5.0 3.6 | (5) (5) | 3.0 4.3 | (3) (3) | 1.8 1.0 | (5) (5) |
Quince C7/1 | United Kingdom | Rootstock | 5.0 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Quince E | United Kingdom | Rootstock | 4.4 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Quince S (=Pigwa S-1) | United Kingdom | Rootstock | 7.0 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Quince W | United Kingdom | Rootstock | 4.4 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.6 | (5) |
Rannyaya from Tange | United Kingdom Turkmenistan | Fruit | 2.3 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Rich | Oregon | 2.3 | (3) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) | |
Seker Gevrek | Turkey | Fruit | 2.8 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Shams | Iran | Fruit | 2.2 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Shevlan | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 5.0 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.6 | (5) |
Skorospelka O.P. sdlg 1 | Russia | Seedling | 3.4 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 4.2 | (5) |
Skorospelka O.P. sdlg 2 | Russia | Seedling | 5.0 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Skorospelka O.P. sdlg 3 | Russia | Seedling | 6.2 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 2.2 | (5) |
Tashkent AR-232 sdlg 2 | Uzbekistan | Fruit | 3.8 | (5) | 6.3 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Tashkent AR-232 sdlg 3 | Uzbekistan | Fruit | 2.6 | (5) | 6.3 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
Tashkent AR-232 sdlg 4 | Uzbekistan | Fruit | 3.8 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
TE-2-73 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 2.3 | (3) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.7 | (3) |
Tekes | Turkey | Fruit | 4.6 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 1.8 | (5) |
Tencara Pink | United States | Fruit | 2.2 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Teplovskaya O.P. sdlg | Russia | Seedling | 5.0 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
Teplovskaya O.P. sdlg | Russia | Seedling | 3.0 | (2) | 2.0 | (2) | 3.0 | (2) |
Trentholm | Oregon | Seedling | 4.6 | (5) | 3.0 | (3) | 1.6 | (5) |
V-46.O.P | Bulgaria | Fruit | 2.2 | (5) | 5.7 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
W-4 | France | Rootstock | 5.0 | (5) | 4.3 | (3) | 1.4 | (5) |
WF-17 | France | Rootstock | 4.4 | (5) | 2.3 | (3) | 1.2 | (5) |
Yuz-Begi 83-4 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 3.0 | (5) | 1.0 | (3) | 2.6 | (5) |
Yuz-Begi 89-1 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 6.2 | (5) | 3.7 | (3) | 1.2 | (5) |
Zeakli 89-1 | Turkmenistan | Fruit | 1.7 | (3) | 3.0 | (3) | 2.3 | (3) |
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Kafkas, S., Imrak, B., Kafkas, N.E., Sarıer, A., Kuden, A. (2018). Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) Breeding. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Fruits. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91944-7_7
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