Cultivars and Agriculture Practice of Fig (Ficus carica)

Abstract

The global cultivation of fig (Ficus carica L.) had considerable financial importance, mainly due to its necessary function as a meal supplement. This scenario has generated an excellent hobby in learning its production, processing, and conservation strategies. Most varieties of figs could be raised and ripened in short growing seasons. The primary objective of this chapter is to focus on fig cultivars and the new economic production systems. Hundreds of named fig cultivars exist, but only a handful are commercially grown. The commercial fig cultivars in different world areas will be highlighted. Fig plants could grow under different environmental conditions. However, there are optimum growth conditions to maximize crop production. Other agriculture practices are required to grow fig plants indoor and outdoor. Fig could be produced in the open area on a large or small production scale. Unlike the greenhouse, fig cultivated in the open space needs greater neat and desirable management because its growth may easily affect environmental factors. Fig production in a greenhouse permits the growers to manage the environmental conditions and risks from pests and diseases for proper crop development, increased productiveness in quantity, and industrial opportunity. The hydroponic system helps to manipulate the nutrient supplement to the plant in regular quantity without influencing the surrounding elements like soil system and climate. Hydroponic systems were adapted to help fig growers to manage their crops and maximize their profitability. A fully automated smart hydroponic system could be easily integrated and used. Like other crops, Fig farms require a management system to help produce high-quality and profitable crops. This chapter will be a commercial production guide for fig growers worldwide.