Abstract
Adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi], an annual pulse crop, belongs to the genus Vigna and subgenus Ceratotrapis. It provides nutritional elements for the human diet and fertilizes soil by nitrogen fixation. It has been traditionally planted and consumed in East and Southeast Asia, especially in China, Japan and Korea, so it came to be called the Asia legume. Adzuki bean was dispersed to other continents for commercial uses in recent decades. Wild adzuki bean (V. angularis var. nipponensis), considered to be the ancestor of cultivated adzuki bean, occurs in East Asia and in the Himalayan Region, which are presumed to be where the domestication of adzuki bean took place. Another wild form, V. nepalensis, called the weedy adzuki bean, is mainly found in Eastern Nepal and around. A large portion of adzuki bean germplasm has been collected and conserved in different gene banks. DNA marker analysis suggests that there are obvious genetic distinctions between different forms, but the diversity among cultivated germplasm is quite low, indicating that the wild forms could be an important genetic resource for breeding. However, the genetic and genomic studies on this species are lagging and include only low-density genetic maps and a few maps of genes. That is the reason conventional breeding of adzuki bean has achieved rapid improvement, while no modern biotechnology has yet been used in breeding.
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Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to the China Agricultural Research System (CARS-08) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) of CAAS.
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Appendices
Appendices
1.1.1 Appendix I: Research Institutes Concerned with Adzuki Bean
Institute | Specialization and research activities | Contact information and website |
---|---|---|
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences | Germplasm collection, breeding and molecular markers | Dr. Lixia Wang Wanglixia03@caas.cn |
Kasetsart University | Genetic study and gene mapping | Dr. Prakit Somta agrpks@ku.ac.th |
Genetic Resources Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization | Wild germplasm collection and classification | Dr. Norihiko Tomooka tomooka@affrc.go.jp |
Hokkaido National Agricultural Experiment Station | Breeding | Dr. Sato Hitoshi satohhs@agri.pref.hokkaido.jp |
Hokkaido University | Resistant study and breeding | Dr. Jun Abe jabe@res.agr.hokudai.ac.jp |
Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University | Genomic study | Dr. Suk-Ha Lee |
The World Vegetable Center | Germplasm collection and breeding | Dr. Ram Nair ramakrishnan.nair@worldveg.org |
1.1.2 Appendix II: Genetic Resources of Adzuki Bean
Cultivars | Important traits | Cultivation location |
---|---|---|
Zhonghong 4 | Good quality, resistant to mosaic virus and drought | China |
Zhonghong 5 | Good quality, suitable for bean paste | China |
Jingnong 5 | High yield, resistant to rust and powdery mildew | China |
Jihong 352 | Early mature, resistant to mosaic virus and leaf spot | China |
Jihong 9218 | Early mature, high yield, resistant to mosaic virus and leaf spot | China |
Baihong 6 | High yield, resistant to mosaic virus and root rot | North China |
Jihong 6 | High yield, resistant to leaf spot, drought and lodging | North China |
Baohong 947 | Good quality, high yield, wide adaptability | North China |
Erimo syouzu | Good quality, high yield, cold tolerant, suitable for processing | Japan |
Kitaromann | Early mature, resistant to stem rot, blight, lodging | Japan |
Kitano otome | Resistant to stem rot/blight/lodging | Japan |
Kotobuki syouzu | Resistant to stem rot | Japan |
Syumari | Resistant to stem rot/blight, good quality | Japan |
Kitaasuka | High yield, resistant to stem rot | Japan |
Kitahotaru | White seed, resistant to stem rot/blight, suitable for processing | Japan |
Toyomi dainagonn | Large seed, high yield, cold tolerant | Japan |
Chungju | Resistant to mosaic virus and powdery mildew | Korea |
Jungbu | High yield | Korea |
Chilbo | Black seed, high yield | Korea |
Kyungwon | Early mature, resistant to lodging | Korea |
Seagil | Consistent maturity, special use for New Year cakes | Korea |
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Wang, L., Wang, J., Cheng, X. (2019). Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) Breeding. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_1
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