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Geographical distribution of quinoa crop wild relatives in the Peruvian Andes: a participatory mapping initiative

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Abstract

The Peruvian Andes are among the world’s most important centers of origin for genetic diversity of crops and plants. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) was domesticated in the Bolivian and Peruvian Andean region around Lake Titicaca. In situ conservation systems for quinoa germplasm and its wild relatives can still be found in the traditional systems of Peruvian farming communities. Quinoa crop wild relatives (CWRs), like the majority of CWRs of other agricultural species, are being affected by the considerable changes in the natural landscapes of the Andes. This article analyzes the presence and distribution of seven quinoa CWRs at the agroecosystem level and considers the social and environmental Andean contexts in which they are found. A qualitative research method based on participatory mapping in six local communities of the Puno region in Peru was applied to establish the presence and distribution of the species. We present the results that were confirmed with local actors on participatory GIS maps. Based on our analyses, we conclude that conservation programs should consider both permanent native meadows and cultivated land with their fallow cycles and plot borders. The diversity of the presence of quinoa CWRs is one result of the coexistence of these two land uses.

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adapted from Tapia (1994)

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Acknowledgments

We wish to express our gratitude to Marco Meneses Catacora and Kleny Arpazi Valero at the DRA (Regional Agrarian Agency of Puno, Ministry of Agriculture) for collaboration, information and local support. We would especially like to acknowledge all of the people who volunteered their time to share valuable knowledge about of quinoa CWRs presence and distribution. This work was funded by the CONICYT PAI/INDUSTRIA 79090016. CIRAD, the ABIES Doctoral School and the Institut des Amériques (IDA) provided institutional and financial support for this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UPR GREEN, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France

    F. Fagandini Ruiz & D. Bazile

  2. DGD-RS, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France

    D. Bazile

  3. GREEN, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France

    F. Fagandini Ruiz & D. Bazile

  4. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy

    A. G. Drucker

  5. Universidad de La Molina, Lima, Peru

    M. Tapia

  6. Universidad del Altiplano, Puno, Peru

    E. Chura

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  1. F. Fagandini Ruiz
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Fagandini Ruiz, F., Bazile, D., Drucker, A.G. et al. Geographical distribution of quinoa crop wild relatives in the Peruvian Andes: a participatory mapping initiative. Environ Dev Sustain 23, 6337–6358 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00875-y

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