Shrub/ Small tree
Bixa orellana L.
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Bixa acuminata Boj. |
synonym | Bixa americana Poir. |
synonym | Bixa katangensis Delpierre |
synonym | Bixa odorata Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don |
synonym | Bixa orellana var. leiocarpa (Kuntze) Standl. & L.O.Williams |
synonym | Bixa orleana Noronha |
synonym | Bixa purpurea Sweet |
synonym | Bixa tinctaria Salisb. |
synonym | Bixa upatensis Ram.Goyena |
synonym | Orellana americana (Poir.) Kuntze |
synonym | Orellana americana var. leiocarpa Kuntze |
synonym | Orellana orellana (L.) Kuntze |
🗒 Common Names
Assamese |
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Bengali |
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English |
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Gujarati |
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Hindi |
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Kannada |
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Malayalam |
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Manipuri |
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Marathi |
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Oriya |
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Other |
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Tamil |
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📚 Overview
Diagnostic Keys
Trees, ca 7m. Leaves 7.5-16x2.5-5.5cm
Sanjib Barua
Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Description
Habit: Shrub to Small tree
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Morphology
Leaves 7-16 4-10cm, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate , glossy, glabrous ; lateral nerves 4-5 pairs; petioles 4-7cm ; stipules 5-6mm, acute. Flowers 3-5cm across, in terminal corymbose panicales, pinkish white. Sepals ovate, purple, scaly.
Sanjib Barua
Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Flower
In terminal panicles, pink turning white. Flowering throughout the year.
Fruit
A capsule, reddish brown, two-valved spiny. Seeds many, red. Fruiting throughout the year.
Leaf Apices
Acute
Leaf arrangement
Alternate distichous
Leaf Bases
Chordate
Leaf Margins
Entire
Leaf Shapes
Ovate
Leaf Types
Simple
Habit
A small evergreen tree.
Keystone Foundation
Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Miscellaneous Details
Commercially grown for its red dye. Used as a food coloring. Used by native Americans to make red colored body paint.
Keystone Foundation
Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Notes: Western Ghats, Cultivated. Native of Tropical America
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Cultivated, tolerant of poor soils but intolerant of shades
Grown as an ornamental tree. Native to South America.
Keystone Foundation
Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Kerala, Manipur, Odisha; America
Indian Distribution
Bongaigaon, Barak Valley, Sivasagar
Maharashtra: Kolhapur
Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, N.Kanara
Kerala: Alapuzha, Kannur, Kollam, Kottayam, Kozhikode, Malapuram, Thiruvananthapuram
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Common
Sanjib Barua
Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Protection Legal Status
It is found growing wild in the tropical forest
Sanjib Barua
Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Homoeopathy
Ayurveda
Folk medicine
Siddha
System Of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Homoeopathy, Siddha
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=326
Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=326 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Seeds yield a red colored dye.
Keystone Foundation
Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=326
- Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984, Flora of Maharastra State Dicotyledones, Vol I, Lakshminarasimhan P. & Prasanna P. V, 2000, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002
Information Listing > References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=326
- Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984, Flora of Maharastra State Dicotyledones, Vol I, Lakshminarasimhan P. & Prasanna P. V, 2000, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002
A Case Study on People’s Choice Conservation of Biodiversity in Homesteads of Assam, India
DP
Dr. Prosanta HazarikaFloristic diversity of the Indian Cardamom Research Institute campus, Myladumpara, Western Ghats, India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaNo Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Malvales Juss. |
Family | Bixaceae |
Genus | Bixa |
Species | Bixa orellana L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups