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Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertner

Accepted
Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertner
/Nicandra_physaloides/Nicandra-physaloides.jpg
🗒 Synonyms
synonymAtropa daturifolia Thore
synonymAtropa physalodes L.
synonymCalydermos erosus Ruiz & Pav.
synonymNicandra brevicorollata Bitter
synonymNicandra macrocalyx Bitter
synonymNicandra minor Hort. ex Fisch. Mey. & Ave-Lall.
synonymNicandra nana Bitter
synonymNicandra nebulosa Bitter
synonymNicandra parvimaculata Bitter
synonymNicandra physalodes var. violacea (Andre ex H.Lemoine) P.D.Sell
synonymNicandra undulata Bitter
synonymNicandra violacea Andre ex Lemoine
synonymPentagonia physalodes (L.) Hiern
synonymPhysalis daturifolia Lam.
synonymPhysalis peruviana Mill.
synonymPhysalodes peruviana Kuntze
synonymPhysalodes physalodes (L.) Britt.
🗒 Common Names
English
  • Apple-of-peru
  • Shoo-Fly Plant
Malayalam
  • Oomathan
Other
  • Apple Of Peru
  • 'ranpopati' 'रानपोपटी' In Marathi
  • Shoofly Plant
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Herb Distribution notes: Exotic
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors 
D. Narasimhan
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Erect subshrubs. Leaves alternate or fascicled, 5-15 x 2-7 cm, sometimes much larger, elliptic, acute at either ends; petiole 3-10 cm long. Flowers 3 cm across, solitary, axillary; calyx campanulate, tube inflated, cordate at base, 5-angled; corolla 2 cm long; 3 cm across, campanulate, blue or bluish violet; stamens 5, free. Berry 1.5 x 1.5 cm, smooth; seeds pitted.
    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Habit: Herb
      G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        No Data
        📚 Natural History
        Cyclicity
        Flowering and fruiting: October-February
        Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY
        References 
          Morphology

          Growth Form

          Herb
          Herb
          Flower

          Solitary, extra axillary, bluish. Flowering throughout the year.

          Fruit

          A yellow globose berry, enveloped by inflated persistent calyx. Seeds orange in colour. Fruiting throughout the year.

          Leaf Apices

          Acute

          Leaf arrangement

          Alternate distichous

          Leaf Bases

          Attenuate

          Leaf Margins

          Dentate

          Leaf Shapes

          Oblong

          Leaf Types

          Simple

          Habit

          A leafy herb.

          Keystone Foundation
          Attributions Keystone Foundation
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY
          References 
            Miscellaneous Details
            Roots medicinal.
            Keystone Foundation
            Attributions Keystone Foundation
            Contributors 
            Status UNDER_CREATION
            Licenses CC_BY
            References 
              Notes: Western Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Cultivated, Naturalized, Native of Tropical America
              G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
              Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
              Contributors 
              Status UNDER_CREATION
              Licenses CC_BY
              References 
                No Data
                📚 Habitat and Distribution
                General Habitat
                Wet places
                Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                Contributors 
                Status UNDER_CREATION
                Licenses CC_BY
                References 
                  Common on fallow grounds and weed of cultivation. Found on hills from 900-1200m. Central America, now widely naturalized.
                  Keystone Foundation
                  Attributions Keystone Foundation
                  Contributors 
                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                  Licenses CC_BY
                  References 
                    All types of forests
                    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                    Contributors 
                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                    Licenses CC_BY
                    References 
                      Description
                      Global Distribution

                      Native of South America; now widely naturalised in the tropics

                      Indian distribution

                      State - Kerala, District/s: Idukki, Palakkad, Wayanad

                      Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                      Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                      Contributors 
                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                      Licenses CC_BY
                      References 
                        Global Distribution

                        India: Assam, Meghalaya; America

                        Local Distribution

                        Western Assam

                        Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                        Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                        Contributors 
                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                        Licenses CC_BY
                        References 
                          Maharashtra: Kolhapur, Nasik, Pune, Satara Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara Kerala: Idukki, Palakkad Tamil Nadu: Dindigul, Nilgiri, Salem, Theni, Tiruvannamalai
                          G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                          Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                          Contributors 
                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                          Licenses CC_BY
                          References 
                            No Data
                            📚 Occurrence
                            No Data
                            📚 Uses and Management
                            Uses

                            System of Medicines Used In

                            Folk medicine
                            Folk medicine
                            System Of Medicines Used In

                            Folk medicine

                            FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4584
                            Attributions FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4584
                            Contributors 
                            Status UNDER_CREATION
                            Licenses CC_BY
                            References 
                              Butterflies and Trigona sp. observed foraging on the flowers.
                              Keystone Foundation
                              Attributions Keystone Foundation
                              Contributors 
                              Status UNDER_CREATION
                              Licenses CC_BY
                              References 
                                No Data
                                📚 Information Listing
                                References
                                1. Physalis daturaefolia Lam., Encycl. 2: 102. 1786.
                                2. Atropa physalodes L., Sp. Pl. 181. 1753.
                                3. Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn., Fruct. 2: 237. t.131. f.2. 1791, "physaloides"; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 240. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 941(661). 1923; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 192. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 316. 1990; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 71. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 271. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 216. 1999; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 570. 2009.
                                1. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4584
                                1. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
                                Information Listing > References
                                1. Physalis daturaefolia Lam., Encycl. 2: 102. 1786.
                                2. Atropa physalodes L., Sp. Pl. 181. 1753.
                                3. Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn., Fruct. 2: 237. t.131. f.2. 1791, "physaloides"; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 240. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 941(661). 1923; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 192. 1988; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 316. 1990; Swarup. et al., Shola For. Kerala 71. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 271. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 216. 1999; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 570. 2009.
                                4. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4584
                                5. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987

                                DIVERSITY, GEOGRAPHICAL HABITAT USAGE AND DISTRIBUTION ASSESSMENT OF FLIES (INSECTA: DIPTERA) IN NILGIRI HILLS, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

                                Moinudheen

                                Floristic diversity of the Indian Cardamom Research Institute campus, Myladumpara, Western Ghats, India

                                Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                Floristic diversity of Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India

                                Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                Plant species composition on two rock outcrops from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India

                                Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                Interesting plant records from Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

                                Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                exotic of Pulney Hills

                                balakrishnan balaguru
                                No Data
                                📚 Meta data
                                No Data
                                🐾 Taxonomy
                                RootRoot
                                KingdomPlantae
                                PhylumTracheophyta
                                ClassMagnoliopsida
                                OrderSolanales
                                FamilySolanaceae
                                GenusNicandra
                                SpeciesNicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertner
                                📊 Temporal Distribution
                                📷 Related Observations
                                👥 Groups
                                India Biodiversity PortalIndia Biodiversity Portal
                                The Western GhatsThe Western Ghats
                                PlantsIndiaPlantsIndia
                                Medicinal PlantsMedicinal Plants
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