Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Alocasia dussii Dammer
synonym	Alocasia illustris W.Bull
synonym	Aron colocasium (L.) St.-Lag.
synonym	Arum chinense L.
synonym	Arum colocasia L.
synonym	Arum colocasioides Desf.
synonym	Arum esculentum L.
synonym	Arum lividum Salisb.
synonym	Arum nymphaeifolium (Vent.) Roxb.
synonym	Arum peltatum Lam.
synonym	Caladium acre R.Br.
synonym	Caladium antiquorum (Schott) André
synonym	Caladium atrovirens André
synonym	Caladium colocasia (L.) W.Wight, nom. illeg.
synonym	Caladium colocasioides (Desf.) Brongn.
synonym	Caladium divaricatum André
synonym	Caladium esculentum (L.) Vent.
synonym	Caladium glycyrrhizum Fraser
synonym	Caladium nigrescens André
synonym	Caladium nymphaeifolium Vent.
synonym	Caladium parimaense André
synonym	Caladium violaceum Desf.
synonym	Caladium violaceum var. alboviolaceum André
synonym	Calla gaby Blanco
synonym	Calla virosa Roxb.
synonym	Colocasia acris (R.Br.) Schott
synonym	Colocasia aegyptiaca Samp.
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum f. acuatica Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum f. eguimo Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum f. oyasetage Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum f. purpurea Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum f. yamamotoi Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum Schott
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. acris (R.Br.) Schott
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta (L.) Schott
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. euchlora (K.Koch & Linden) Schott
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. globulifera Engl. & K.Krause
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. illustris (W.Bull) Engl.
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. multifolia Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. nymphaeifolia (Vent.) Engl.
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. patens Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. rosea Makino
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. rupicola Haines
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. stolonifera Haines
synonym	Colocasia antiquorum var. typica Engl., nom. inval.
synonym	Colocasia colocasia (L.) Huth, nom. inval.
synonym	Colocasia esculenta f. ebiimo Makino
synonym	Colocasia esculenta f. rotundifolia Makino
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. acris (R.Br.) A.F.Hill
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum (Schott) F.T.Hubb. & Rehder
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. aquatilis Hassk.
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. euchlora (K.Koch & Linden) A.F.Hill
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. globulifera (Engl. & K.Krause) R.A.Young
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. illustris (W.Bull) A.F.Hill
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. nymphaeifolia (Kunth) A.F.Hill
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. rupicola (Haines) H.B.Naithani
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. stolonifera (Haines) H.B.Naithani
synonym	Colocasia esculenta var. typica A.F.Hill, nom. inval.
synonym	Colocasia euchlora K.Koch & Linden
synonym	Colocasia formosana Hayata
synonym	Colocasia gracilis Engl.
synonym	Colocasia himalensis Royle
synonym	Colocasia konishii Hayata
synonym	Colocasia neocaledonica Van Houtte
synonym	Colocasia nymphaeifolia (Vent.) Kunth
synonym	Colocasia peltata (Lam.) Samp.
synonym	Colocasia tonoimo Nakai
synonym	Colocasia vera Hassk.
synonym	Colocasia violacea (Desf.) auct.
synonym	Colocasia virosa (Roxb.) Kunth
synonym	Colocasia vulgaris Raf.
synonym	Leucocasia esculenta (L.) Nakai
synonym	Steudnera virosa (Roxb.) Prain
synonym	Zantedeschia virosa (Roxb.) K.Koch

🗒 Common Names

Assamese	Kola Kochu Kola-kochu/ Kochu Kolia Kochu
Bengali	Alti Kachu Kachu
English	Cocoyam Dasheen Eddo Kalo Taro Taro/ Dasheen/ Eddo Cocoyam Wild taro
Hindi	Ashukachu अरवी Arvi कचालू Kachalu
Kannada	Kesavedantu Keshavanagadde
Malayalam	Chembu Chempakizhanna Chempu Kaattuchembu Madantha Seppankizhangu
Manipuri	পান Pan
Marathi	आलू Aaloo चेम्पू Chempu रान आलू Ran Aalu
Oriya	Jongal Saaru
Other	Aivi Bal Cocoyam Dasheen Dawl English - Wild Taro Green Taro Taro
Sanskrit	Aaluki Alukam Alupam Kachchi
Tamil	Sempu Shamakkilangu
Telugu	Chamadumpa Chamagadda Chamakura

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Herb

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Brief

Flowering class: Monocot Habit: Herb

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1 Year Assessed: 2010 Assessor/s: Nguyen, T.H.T. Reviewer/s: Gupta, A.K. & Smith, K. Contributors: Drius, M. Justification: This plants is native to tropical Asia and south west Pacific where it can be found in wet fields and near the banks of ponds and streams. the plant is used for several purposes across the worlds such as fodder, medicine or as an ornamental plant. As it is a widespread species with no known major threats it is listed as Least Concern. Conservation Actions: No conservation measures are known. List of Conservation Actions: 1, 1.2, 2, 2.1

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Description

Herbs, rhizome stoloniferous. Leaves few to many, peltate, 20-28 x 10-18 cm, ovate, cordate to sagittate at base, glabrous; nerves 6 pairs, united to form an intramarginal vein; lowest pair with lateral nerves of the basal lobes, intercostae curved; petiole 30-45 cm long, cylindrical, smooth. Peduncle solitary or few together, 10-20 cm long, stout; spathe to 20 cm long, yellow, lanceolate, constricted above the base; limb acuminate. Spadix 10 cm long, cylindrical, appendages terete, obtuse. Male flowers above, to 5-6 cm of the spadix, stamens 6; female flowers on lower, 2 cm of the spadix; ovary 1-celled, ovules many on 2-4 parietal placentas. Neutral flowers many, peltate, between the female and male flowers. Fruit an aggregate of berries, globose.

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Natural History

Life Cycle

Cyclicity

Flowering and fruiting: May-October

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

It is a very common tuberous-rhizomatous herb found in wild in open and damp areas. Leaves with stout petioles, sheathing below; lamina peltate, ovate, cordate. Leaf and petiole are purple coloured. Flowers monoecious; spathe yellow, on a stout axillary peduncle; spadix shorter than the spathe, male and female inflorescence with usually interposed, flat neuters. Fruit of small oblong berries

Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.

Attributions	Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Miscellaneous Details

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Habitat

Freshwater

Habitat and Ecology: This species usually grows in wet fields and near the banks of ponds and streams. Systems: Freshwater List of Habitats: 5, 5.1, 5.4, 5.7

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Waterlogged ditches and streamside

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Distribution

Description

Global Distribution

Pantropical

Indian distribution

State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

India: Assam; America

Indian Distribution

Assam

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Range Description: The species is native to tropical Asia and south west Pacific. It has been recorded in the Indo-Burma hotspot region (Myanmar, Lao PDR, Thailand, Cambodia and Viet Nam) as welll as from Pakistan to Bagladesh and China, including Philipines and Sri Lanka. Countries - Native: Bangladesh; Bhutan; Cambodia; China; India; Indonesia; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Philippines; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Viet Nam

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Endemic Distribution

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

Population Biology

Trends

Population: In the wild it is relatively common, but it is also cultivated. Population Trend: Unknown

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Risk Statement

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Category

Least Concern

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Threats

Major Threat (s): No major threats.

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

Uses and Management

Uses

System of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda

Folk medicine

Siddha

Unani

Traditional chinese medicine

Medicinal

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

System Of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Unani, Siddha, Traditional chinese medicine

FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=609

Attributions	FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=609
Contributors	FRLHT-ENVIS
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Tender leaves and tubers are eaten as vegetable, specially with acidi fruit in various forms

Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.

Attributions	Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Folklore

Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

Arum colocasia L., Sp. Pl. 965. 1753.
Colocasia antiquorum Schott in Schott & Endl., Melet. Bot. 1: 18. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 523. 1893; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1580(1102). 1931.
Arum esculentum L., Sp. Pl. 965. 1753.
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott in Schott & Endl., Melet. Bot. 1: 18. 1832; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 304. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 431. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 402. 1985; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 358. 1997; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 493. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 417. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 837. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 294. 1991; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 533. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 496. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 410. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 485. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 754. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 474. 1998; Sivad. in Manoharan et al., Silent Valley-Whispers Reason 242. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 367. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 524. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 906. 2009; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 722. 2009.

D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=609

Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
Citation: Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
Cook, C.D.K. 1996. Aquatic Plant Book. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam/New York. Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at:http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Wilfred Lee. Taro (Colocasia esculenta). Available at:http://www.ethnoleaflets.com/leaflets/taro.htm.
Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
Cook, C.D.K. 1996. Aquatic Plant Book. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam/New York. Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at:http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Wilfred Lee. Taro (Colocasia esculenta). Available at:http://www.ethnoleaflets.com/leaflets/taro.htm.

Information Listing > References

Arum colocasia L., Sp. Pl. 965. 1753.
Colocasia antiquorum Schott in Schott & Endl., Melet. Bot. 1: 18. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 523. 1893; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1580(1102). 1931.
Arum esculentum L., Sp. Pl. 965. 1753.
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott in Schott & Endl., Melet. Bot. 1: 18. 1832; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 304. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 431. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 402. 1985; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 358. 1997; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 493. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 417. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 837. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 294. 1991; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 533. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 496. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 410. 1995; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 485. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 754. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 474. 1998; Sivad. in Manoharan et al., Silent Valley-Whispers Reason 242. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 367. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 524. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 906. 2009; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 722. 2009.
D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=609
Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
Citation: Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
Cook, C.D.K. 1996. Aquatic Plant Book. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam/New York. Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at:http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Wilfred Lee. Taro (Colocasia esculenta). Available at:http://www.ethnoleaflets.com/leaflets/taro.htm.
Nguyen, T.H.T. 2010. Colocasia esculenta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
Cook, C.D.K. 1996. Aquatic Plant Book. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam/New York. Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at:http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Wilfred Lee. Taro (Colocasia esculenta). Available at:http://www.ethnoleaflets.com/leaflets/taro.htm.

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Images

No Data

📚 Meta data

Meta data

No Data

🐾 Taxonomy

Root	Root
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Tracheophyta
Class	Liliopsida
Order	Alismatales
Family	Araceae
Genus	Colocasia
Species	Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

📊 Temporal Distribution

📷 Related Observations

👥 Groups

India Biodiversity Portal

The Western Ghats

PlantsIndia

Medicinal Plants

Assam Biodiversity Portal

Rainforest Biodiversity of Phalee