Adsae, de Ichang, Hsiang Yüan, Huanong, Ketsa Seupfu, Ketsa Shupfer, Ketsa-Shupfu, Kodo, Kodomikan, Manao Prieo, Ma-ngua, Masan, Yeganzhi, Yichan Chen (sec. Cottin 2002)
Citrus cavaleriei H. Lév. (sensu Bayer et al. 2009); Citrus ichangensis Swingle (sensu Swingle and Reece 1967, Mabberley 2004; sensu Tanaka sec. Cottin 2002)
Crown compact or dense, not weeping. First-year twig surface glabrous; second- or third-year twig surface striate; thorns straight; prickles absent or not persistent. Petiole glabrous, length very long; wings wide, tucking beneath blade. Leaflets one, margin bluntly toothed, shade leaflet blades flat or weakly conduplicate, sun leaflet blades weakly conduplicate. Scent of crushed leaflets spicy or peppery. Fruit as broad as long or longer than broad; rind yellow (7-10), yellow-orange (11), or orange (12); rind texture slightly rough (4-5) or medium rough (6-7); firmness leathery; navel absent; flesh yellow; taste sour.
Swingle and Reece (1967) provided the following additional notes on the species:
"A spiny shrub or small tree usually 5-15 ft. [1.5-4.6 m] high; twigs angular when young, with stout, sharp spines, 1.5-2.5 cm long, often reduced or lacking on flowering twigs; leaves narrow, 4-6 times longer than wide, mostly 8-11.5 X 1.8-3 cm; petioles very large, broadly winged, obovate or oblong-spatulate, evenly rounded at the tip and narrowed abruptly at the base, usually 3.5-6 X 2-3 cm; leaf blade ovate-acuminate, often more or less caudate, emarginate at the tip and evenly rounded or bluntly pointed at the base, usually 3-6 X 1.8-3 cm, often not equaling the winged petiole in area; flowers 2.5-3 cm diam., 5-merous; sepals thick, 3 mm long and 3 mm wide, with minutely ciliate margins; petals oblong, 1.5-2 X 0.5-0.8 cm, white; stamens 20, at first all connate to the tips, finally breaking up into several bundles, about 10 mm long; pistil about 10 mm long; style very short, caducous; stigma nearly as large as the ovary; ovary with 7-9 locules, ovules numerous in each locule; fruits small, glabrous, 3-4 cm diam. in dried specimens (probably 3.5-5 cm when fresh), peel rough, 2-4 mm thick in dried specimens; seeds large, very thick, 12-18 X 12-18 X 7-9 mm in dried material, very blunt at both ends, with a chalazal cap about 12 X 5 mm, apparently monoembryonic.
This species differs from its congeners in having large, very thick seeds and slender leaves 4-6 times longer than broad, with very large, winged petioles often as large or larger than the blade. It differs from C. hystrix in having oblong, rather than triangular, winged petioles and much larger flowers with connate stamens. (See fig. 3-47.)"
Swingle and Reece (1967) additionally noted that: "This remarkable plant, which grows in a truly wild state in central and southwestern China, is doubtless the most cold-resistant of all the evergreen species in the orange subfamily. It differs greatly from the other species in the subgenus Papeda in having large flowers, partly connate stamens, and large, very thick seeds, which are nevertheless monoembryonic. The leaves also differ from those of all other species of Papeda in having extremely long but rather narrow winged petioles, often exceeding in area the slender, pointed, lanceolate leaf blades."
Bayer, R.J., D.J. Mabberley, C. Morton, C.H. Miller, I.K. Sharma, B.E. Pfeil, S. Rich, R. Hitchcock, and S. Sykes. 2009. A molecular phylogeny of the orange subfamily (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae) using nine cpDNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 96: 668–685.
Cottin, R. 2002. Citrus of the World: A citrus directory. Version 2.0. France: SRA INRA-CIRAD.
Mabberley, D.J. 2004. Citrus (Rutaceae): A review of recent advances in etymology, systematics and medical applications. Blumea 49: 481–498.
Swingle, W.T. and P.C. Reece. 1967. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. In: Reuther, W., H.J. Webber, and L.D. Batchelor (eds.). The Citrus industry. Ed. 2. Vol. I. University of California, Riverside. http://lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter3.html.
Search for this cultivar in NCBI Entrez or NCBI Nucleotide
Additional information on this cultivar at University of California: Riverside Citrus Variety Collection (2)
Citrus ID Edition 2
October, 2011
idtools.org
