Small yellow flower field. Flowers and plants of the forest: photos and descriptions.

The touching charm of wild flowers still inspires poets and lovers, gives a romantic mood. Field and the names of which are diverse, today can be found in the most prestigious flower shops, because they look great in fresh charming bouquets. And it is worthwhile to imagine a boundless field strewn with blue cornflowers, yellow buttercups or white daisies, as fatigue, problems and offenses recede.

Why are they so called

Often the name of wild flowers indicates noticeable features of plants. The coltsfoot is named so because of the leaves - warm, terry on the one hand, smooth and cold on the other. The flowers of the crane are like the beak of this slender bird, and look like a bell. Oregano has a unique aroma, especially in dried form. Very fragrant tea is obtained from it. Nevyas acquired his nickname because it helps a lot with weakness and fatigue: it gives a person “nine strengths”. It also happens that the name of wild flowers is associated with myths and legends. It is said that the cornflower is named in honor of St. Basil the Great, who had a special sympathy for flowers, and is a symbol of kindness and spiritual purity. Flowers on the stems Ivan-da-Maryi got their name thanks to the legend of unhappy love. The girl and the boy, having learned that they were each other brother and sister, so as not to part, turned into flowers of different shades. The sleep-grass flower is so called because at night the petals are tightly closed, and the plant wilts, as if falling asleep. Another name for this flower is lumbago. According to legend, an angel launched an arrow at a demon hiding in the thickets of this plant, and shot through the leaves.

Two names

Each name of wild flowers has a second (botanical) name. In chicory, it sounds like this: Cichorium intybys. Comes from the Greek kio - “I go” and chorion - “alienated field”. It is called so because the plant can often be found on the outskirts of fields. The name of the species intybus can be translated as "in the tube" - the flower has a hollow stalk. The plant thistle has the Latin name Carduus nutans, which is derived from the word cardo, meaning “hook”. White and pinkish mylnyanki flowers are called scientific Saponaria and come from the Greek sapon, that is, "soap." The pubescent leaves and stems of a mullein, called Verbascum, are derived from the Latin word barbascum, which is etymologically related to barba - “beard”. Other names of the plant: royal scepter, ataman grass, coat of fur. The botanical name of sage - Salvia - was born from the Latin word salvus and means “healthy”. Sage is widely used as a medicinal plant.

Names of blue wildflowers. Blue flax

Among the flowers that delight us with a cool sky shade, flax can be called the most gentle. Its Latin name - Línum - came from the Celtic language, in it the word lin means "thread": a stalk of flax entirely consists of thin fibers. The plant has since old been treating, nourishing and dressing people. The remarkable quality of matter from flax is the power of rotting and the increase in strength at high humidity. From the seed of this flax oil was made, which generously contains irreplaceable linolenic fatty acid, which is involved in the metabolism of humans and animals, preventing the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Charming doctor

There is no rye field on which graceful and sweet cornflowers would not grow. If the ears are not observed, it means that there was certainly a grain field, which is now reminiscent of blue flowers. They bloom from May to September. The Latin name Centauréa originated from the Greek adjective centaureus, that is, belonging to the centaur. The myth says that Chiron, the centaur of these flowers, recovered from the poison of the hydra that bit him. Cornflower belongs to the Compositae family and is used in medicine as a decongestant. In folk therapy, the infusion of flowers on snow water treats the eyes. In cosmetics, cornflower extract is used to produce nourishing cleansers that tighten pores of the skin.

How forget-me-not got a name

Simple, forget-me-nots love moisture, they can be found along streams, in meadows, along river banks. The scientific name of this flower from the family of borageberry, Myosótis, is derived from the name of the mouse ear, because, opening, the petals are very similar to the rodent's ear. And according to legend, forget-me-not acquired a name when the goddess Flora came down to earth and gave flowers to the names. It seemed to her that she respected everyone, but behind her back came a faint voice: "Do not forget me, Flora!" .

Names of yellow wildflowers. Primrose

Primrose, or primula, he called the people "golden keys". There is a legend. They hinted to the apostle Peter, who was guarding the gate to Eden, that someone without permission would want to sneak into the heavens with fake keys. The apostle in fright dropped a bunch of golden keys, she fell to the ground, and flowers like her grew at this place. Pretty little yellow inflorescences appear in early spring, as if opening the way for light and warmth. No wonder the botanical name - Prímula - originated from the Latin word prímus, that is, “first”. Another name for wild flowers of primrose is the firstborn. Corollas with five petals are collected in a racemes on smooth long stems. They are dried and brewed invigorating tea. There is a whole vitamin cocktail in primrose leaves. From her roots, healers prepare medicine for tuberculosis. And in the old days they cooked a flower. Primrose is able to pick up signals from an ultrasonic field that occurs during an earthquake. It speeds up the movement of the juices in the plant and makes it bloom faster. So the primrose is able to warn people of danger.

Priceless sweet clover

On the fields and meadows grows a magnificent honey plant and a clover. His Latin name - Melilótus - is derived from the word "honey". And in Russia, these yellow wildflowers, whose names are ground etymologically related to the Slavic word "bottom". Infusions and decoctions of plants helped from diseases, and from fresh leaves and flowers they prepared a healing plaster for wounds.

Dangerous and handsome

What a gratifying picture is a field dotted with golden droplets of buttercups! So sweet and touching this flower with silky petals. Why does he have such a formidable name? The answer is simple - buttercup juice is very poisonous. It was a preparation made from him that plunged Juliet into a deep, death-like dream. Scientists called the flower Ranúnculus, from the Latin word "frog", because buttercup loves wet places. The plant blooms over the summer several times, and if the season is rainy, the flowers will be large and lush, and the stems will grow to the waist.

Finally

The names and pictures of the wildflowers given in this article are only a small part of the richest flora of our wonderful planet. Neither the heat nor the cold are afraid of the tender inhabitants of the meadows and fields, generously donating their healing powers to all who are in pain. The famous thinker of the Enlightenment, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, asked his friends to take him to the meadow if he fell ill so that there was no hope for recovery. Then, as the scientist assured, he will be well again.

One of the most important items for the care of garden beds, garden and lawn - the prevention and removal of weeds. Methods of control depend on the type of weed plant, its biological characteristics and the place of growth. Consider the main types of weeds and describe the methods of controlling their spread.

  Harm and benefits of weeds

Weeds are called plants that "settled" on the site in addition to cultivated crops. Fighting them takes away a lot of time and effort from summer residents. To date, more than 2000 weeds are known, including poisonous and harmful to animals - about 100 items.

No matter how hard we try, we can’t get rid of weed plants once and for all - they get to the site through various sources:

• some weed seeds "sit" in the soil and expect favorable conditions for germination;
• organic fertilizers - if the compost has not been properly processed;
• poor quality seed;
• the seeds are brought in by the wind, animals, people (on the sole of the shoe).

Weeds cause significant damage to agriculture and landscape design:

• muffle cultivated plants and reduce their productivity;
• release harmful substances into the soil;
• absorb large amounts of nutrients and water;
• create a shadow;
• can cause poisoning of domestic animals;
• are the focus for the development of diseases and pests of agricultural crops.

But not everything is so simple. Agricultural technicians note that some types of weeds are beneficial. Weeds with strong roots break up soil compaction and loosen the soil, extract useful substances from great depth, which is not available to lawn grass and some garden crops. From such plants a good fertilizer is obtained.

  Weed classification

All weeds are classified according to three main biological characteristics:

• life expectancy;
• breeding method;
• way of eating.

Depending on life expectancy, weeds are divided into young and perennial species.

Juvenile   "Weeds" multiply by seeds. This group includes:

• ephemera - growing season less than one season;
• spring - the growing season is the same as that of annual garden plants; more often the rest of weeds litter cultural crops;
• winter annuals - sprout in early autumn; plantings of perennial grasses and wheat crops are clogged;
• biennial - the full development cycle includes two vegetation periods.

Perennialweeds can grow in one place up to 4 years. After the seeds ripen, the plant’s ground organs die off and the root system continues to grow. Every year new stems grow from the underground part. Perennials multiply vegetatively or by seed.

According to the method of feeding, these types of weeds are distinguished:

  Weed plants in the garden: names, descriptions, photos

Pyrey creepinglives in the fields, gardens, gardens, floodplains, along roads. It has a deep root system and quickly spreads over the site. The stem of the weed is upright, the leaves are flat, long, with a rough surface. Pyrei is very resistant to adverse conditions, it is propagated by rhizomes on almost any type of soil, a perennial plant of the grass family. It is necessary to get rid of wheatgrass, especially if you plan to plant potatoes.

If you do not fight with wheatgrass, the lawn can be fully grown with weeds: photo

Field bindweed (birch)   - perennial weed, enveloping the stems of plants. One plant can entangle up to 2 square meters of crop area. Berry bushes suffer the most from birch trees. The length of the stem is up to 180 cm, the leaves are arrow-shaped, the fruit is a two-nesting box. The branched roots of the field bindweed go to the ground to a depth of five meters, so it is very difficult to completely get rid of the plant - you will have to dig up the roots.

Garden purslane - annual plant with a reddish thick stalk and fleshy leaves. The length of the stem - about 60 cm, shoots of one plant can cover a large area of ​​the garden. Portulac can be used for medicinal purposes and in cooking.

Mokritsa   - wintering annual, ephemeral. Shoots of weed appear in early spring, and when the time comes for the germination of cultivated plants - wood lice grows into a solid green carpet. From this weed crops suffer carrots.

In the old days, woodlice predicted the weather for the near future. It was believed that if after sunrise sun-flowers did not rise or open, the precipitation should be expected during the day

Syrice thrown back   - spring early annual, characterized by very high fecundity. Weed seeds are not afraid of mechanical effects and retain the ability to germinate for 5-40 years. The plant has a high pubescent stem (up to 150 cm), ovate-rhombic leaves, flowers are collected in a dense paniculate inflorescence. Seeds can germinate from a depth of no more than 3 cm.

Hedgehog (chicken millet)- litters vegetable crops (sunflower, carrot, beet) at the beginning of their growth. In rainy years, it is able to completely silence sparse young crops. The stalk reaches 120 cm in height, the leaves are broad-linear, pointed at the edges, the inflorescence is a panicle with spiny single-flowered spikelets, filled with seeds that look like millet.

Cleavers- Early spring annual. A distinctive feature - the trunk and leaves of weed literally cling to clothes. A sturdy bedstraw appears on fertile, limestone-rich soils. The horse's weed system is pivotal, the stem is tetrahedral up to 1 m high, there are small spines curved down on the edges of the stem. The flowers are gathered in thick panicles, the flowering period is summer.

Shepherd's purse- wintering annual, blooming from spring to late autumn. Seed viability lasts almost 35 years. The height of the stem is about 20-40 cm, the leaves of pinnately dissected form, the root - tap. Whites small flowers   collected at the very top of the stem, flowering weed continues all summer. During this time, the plant produces 2-4 generations (the seeds fall off and immediately germinate).

Field yarutka   - annual plant with characteristic round fruits with a cut at the top. The height of the stem - no more than 40 cm, the leaves are collected in the outlet and are located near the ground. During the flowering period yarutka gives up to 50 thousand seeds. The maximum depth at which seeds can germinate is 5 cm.

Thistle pink, better known as the field thistle, is a common perennial weed that litters any crops. The height of the center can reach 1.5 m, the surface of the stem is prickly. The leaf shape is lanceolate, there are spines along the edges. An adult plant has a powerful root system, growing to a depth of 6 meters. On the bends of the root buds are laid, giving the development of above-ground shoots.

The main source of clogging in the garden with a gum is a vertical root. When fighting against thunder, it is necessary to destroy the root system located at a depth of 60-70 cm

  Lawn Weeds: Names, Descriptions, Photos

Bluegrass- one-year weed. At the beginning of growth, the plant imperceptibly, but over time the weed blooms and stands out with ugly spots on the lawn carpet. The bluegrass feels good on compacted soils in the lowlands. If weed out a weed in time, it will not appear on the lawn for a long time.

Do not avoid appearing on the lawn dandelionswhose seeds are carried by the wind. Best dandelions "take root" on the young, rarely planted lawns. A weed plant has fleshy roots, which contain a large supply of nutrients. This must be taken into account when weed control - for complete destruction, more than one herbicide treatment with selective action will be needed.

Buttercup creeping   - a long-term weed with a stalk creeping on the ground. The length of the plant is about 1 m, the leaves have a triple form. Buttercup multiplies seeds and vegetatively. Favorably develops in humid and under-lit places.

Moss, like buttercup, appears on damp soils in the lowlands. To combat it, the lawn should be regularly aerated and drainage ditches should be made. The height of the moss is no more than 50 cm. If you do not fight this weed, it can completely displace the lawn cereals and lead to waterlogging of the soil.

The appearance of moss may indicate a “poor” soil composition, a lack of nutrients and an excessive level of soil acidity.

Plantain   often grows on re-compacted, trampled soil or in places where moisture is stagnant. For removal of adult plants the special garden fork will be suitable. If the plantains have grown significantly on the lawn, then it is necessary to use herbicides of selective action.

Veronica filamentous   settles on the moistened soil rich on useful elements. Plant height is no more than 12 cm, the stem is thin, the flowers are soft purple. Weed breeds shoots.

Clover- the most problematic weed that delivers a lot of trouble to lawn owners. Perennial 15-50 cm tall, root system - rod, ovoid leaves. The appearance of clover can signal a lack of nitrogen in the soil.

The active growth of clover can provoke potash and phosphate fertilizers introduced in spring

Mar white   - frost-resistant weed on the plot, growing from early spring to late autumn. Plant height can reach 1.5 m. The maximum depth at which seeds can germinate is 10 cm. The plant must be removed before flowering, as one weed can produce about 500 thousand seeds with different shoot times.

Common oxygen   (hare cabbage) is a perennial plant with a strong root system. Weed grows in groups and easily "clogs" the lawn grass. Oxygen is very resistant to many chemicals, so the most effective way is to tear the weed from the root.

The presented photos and names of weeds will help in time to recognize and eradicate malicious pests.

  Useful weeds on the plot

Not all weeds are pests; in the garden and in the garden you can also find useful wild plants.

Cornflower blue   - curative seasoning in cooking. It is believed that the plant has a diuretic, analgesic, choleretic and wound healing effect. Infusion of flowers helps with boils, eczema and conjunctivitis. Cornflower dried inflorescences are used as a natural dye in cooking.

Meadow cloverattributed to antiseptic and anti-inflammatory qualities. The plant is used in the treatment of atherosclerosis and dry cough. Spring salads are made from the flowers of clover and young leaves, and dried shoots are added while cooking the main courses.

Young nettle- a valuable gift of spring. It contains large amounts of vitamin C and carotene. The use of a decoction of nettle stimulates the metabolism in the body and promotes weight loss. Nettles are used when cooking soups, borscht, cooking meat, omelettes and other dishes.

Horsetail   - perennial plant in height up to 60 cm. It is used in the treatment of the bladder and as an antimicrobial agent. Dry grass brewed, insist and drink before meals. To improve blood circulation and alleviate conditions in rheumatic diseases, horsetail baths are recommended.

Highlander bird (knotweed) - one-year weed growing in gardens, parks, gardens and lawns. Knotweed contains many biologically active substances: coumarins, flavonoids, essential oils, vitamins and phenol carboxylic acids. The plant can be used as an antipyretic with colds or outwardly to accelerate the healing of wounds and ulcers.

  Weed prevention

To deal with weeds in the garden and lawn will be much easier if they are not too much. For this it is necessary to carry out preventive measures.

Preventing the emergence of garden weeds:

The name celandine got its name for the ability to effectively treat various skin diseases. This is also indicated by his popular names - warthog, warthog, chistets. The scientific name of the plant is “greater celandine” (Chelidonium Major). Find celandine is not difficult. This is a perennial plant with a high (50–100 cm) branched stem, covered with short hairs, medium-sized petioles and golden-yellow small flowers, collected in umbrella inflorescences. When the stalk breaks, dark-yellow or orangish-red juice is released.

High healing properties of celandine are related to the fact that it contains a significant amount of alkaloids, vitamins, organic acids, flavonoids, carotene, saponins, bitterness, essential oil, resinous substances. Preparations of celandine have pronounced anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antimicrobial, antipruritic, cauterizing, local anesthetic, analgesic, choleretic, antispasmodic, hypotensive actions.

Do not forget that the celandine plant poisonous. With external use it is difficult to poison, but with excessive ingestion, intestinal dysbiosis is possible, and in the worst case - poisoning, expressed in nausea, high thirst, convulsions, lowering blood pressure, slowing the pulse and even fainting. In this case, it is necessary to immediately flush the stomach, after which a heavy drink and activated charcoal. As a rule, after this, the symptoms of poisoning pass quickly and without consequences.

Traditionally, celandine juice has been used to treat diseases. Pure juice treats various irritations and skin diseases, burns, including sunburns, wounds, boils, boils, herpes, scabies, cracks in the hands and heels, remove freckles, warts, papillomas, dry calluses. To do this, you can apply and chopped fresh leaves.

In many cases, the juice is used diluted in various proportions. Such solutions treat polyps, adenoids, glands, gum inflammations. For these purposes, you can apply infusions and decoctions of celandine. Prepare them is not difficult. There are many different recipes, one of the simplest - a tablespoon of dried herbs or two fresh in a glass of water. If you pour boiling water and insist for 1.5-2 hours, the infusion will turn out, and when boiling for 10-15 minutes over low heat or in a water bath, you will need a decoction. They are used for rinsing, compresses and lotions.

For the treatment of skin diseases used ointment from celandine. Preparing it is not difficult. Powder of dried herbs in a 1: 1 ratio is mixed with warmed badger fat, melted lard or butter, petroleum jelly. This ointment is well stored in the refrigerator and is always ready for use.

Diluted juice, decoctions and infusions of celandine are taken orally for the treatment of many serious diseases. I will not give recipes, if you wish, you can find them in reference books or on the Internet. Consider that the juice is usually taken no more than 5-7 drops, and infusions and decoctions, depending on the consistency, up to three tablespoons. On the Internet you can find recommendations to use in some diseases pure celandine juice with tablespoons. I would not advise you to carry out such experiments on yourself.

For the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, bladder, liver and kidney celandine used since ancient times, and in many countries. Previously, in Russian villages, a celandine was treated with kidney (hemorrhoids) and polyps in the large intestine. The diluted juice or infusion was taken orally, an enema was made, the external nodes were smeared with juice.

Modern medicine confirms that the substances contained in the celandine, slow down the development of cancer cells. Naturally, running cancer cannot be cured by celandine, but in the initial stages or after surgery it can be used along with medication to prevent the development of metastasis, and it also acts as a mild analgesic. More celandine is more effective in treating skin cancers.

Most often for medicinal purposes, the juice obtained from the stems and leaves of celandine. It is believed that it is better to harvest fresh juice in May-July, when the plant contains the most useful substances. To do this, the plant stems are cut not less than 10 cm from the ground, crushed using a meat grinder or other device, squeezed and, adding 250 ml of alcohol or 500 ml of vodka to a liter of juice, stored in a dark cool place. Previously, in the villages, fresh juice of celandine was stored in a tightly sealed container in glacier cellars at a temperature of about 0 degrees. But beforehand, the juice was allowed to ferment for 5-7 days at room temperature.

In addition, celandine can be dried (it is better to use leaves and flowers for this) to use, as necessary, for the preparation of infusions, tinctures, decoctions or ointments. Recently, dried herb and drugs from the celandine appeared in pharmacies. On the Internet I met recommendations for the preparation of preparations of celandine seeds. I have doubts, because by the fall beneficial features   plants are decreasing.

Preparation of therapeutic drugs

Decoction

The broth is prepared as follows: the raw material is placed in an enameled bowl, poured with cold water, brought to a boil over low heat and kept on the fire for a while. The duration of this, as well as the proportions of water and raw materials, depend on the specific case.

The broth should be drained, well wring out the grass.

Broth grass celandine has a bactericidal, sedative, choleretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, anesthetic effect. It can be used for ulcerative and gallstone diseases, spasm of the pylorus of the duodenum, digestive tract and gall bladder, with renal intestinal colic, with diseases of the bladder.

Juice is one of the most effective means obtained from celandine, because it concentrates all the power of a miraculous plant. During the flowering period of celandine, collect the leaves and stems (you can also root) and pass them through a meat grinder. Place in a glass jar and put in a refrigerator for several days (this is necessary for the celandine to make juice). Three days are usually enough. Then squeeze the grass through the gauze. A bucket of grass produces 1 - 1.5 liters of juice.

After some time after juicing, he begins to ferment, so do not forget to release air from the container. After 2 - 3 weeks the fermentation will end.

The juice prepared in this way can be stored for several years in the refrigerator.

Celandine oil

Celandine oil - a drug that is used mainly for external use.

Take dry grass, chop it, put it in a glass dish and cover with oil (so that the oil level is 2–3 cm higher than the grass level). It is advisable to use peach or apricot oil, but an ordinary vegetable will do. Here only vegetable oil before use, you need to heat 1 - 2 hours in a water bath.

Put the oil with grass for 30 - 60 minutes in a warm place, and then transfer to a cool dark place and stand for a week. Do not forget to periodically shake the drug. After 7 days, when it is ready, strain it through cheesecloth, add pure oil (1: 1 ratio) and store it in a dark glass container.

Infusion of celandine

Cooking infusion celandine. Celandine is used in the form of infusion because of its bactericidal action and ability to inhibit the growth of some fungi and even malignant tumors. This is primarily due to the fact that the celandine contains a large number of alkaloids.

Infusion can be water and alcohol.

Water infusion of celandine is best prepared as follows: take the amount of herbs prescribed by the recipe, pour boiling water and heat on the steam bath for 15 minutes. Then cool well, strain. Before filtering, it would be nice to give the agent a brew. It is quite possible to refuse a steam bath, simple boiling water is enough. But in this case it is desirable to increase the time of insisting. Well insist celandine in a thermos.

Infusion of celandine can be prepared and vodka. To do this, take the grass (fresh or dried), fill it with half a half-liter bottle or jar and pour it with vodka. Let it brew for two weeks. After that, the resulting tincture needs to be diluted at the rate of 150 ml of tincture per 350 ml of pure vodka. Take three times daily before meals. Remember that the tincture is very strong, and therefore if you need to take it inside, start with the smallest dose (5 - 10 drops), gradually increasing it every week by 10 drops.

The difference of water infusion from alcohol is that water is much weaker. The main reason is that water dissolves only the salts of alkaloids, which are abundantly contained in the celandine, and the alcohol - the alkaloids themselves. Consequently, the alcohol solution will be much stronger and more effective.

However, water infusion has one thing - and an extremely important one - an advantage: it is less dangerous than an alcoholic infusion. So in most cases, in order to avoid poisoning, the use of water infusion should be definitely recommended. And the use of alcohol infusion of celandine is justified only in cases where the possible harm is less than the benefits it can bring. Even with cancer, when a person is ready to use any means and, because of the criticality of the situation, it would seem that God himself ordered the use of an alcoholic infusion, it would be useful to think about the general depletion of the organism, for which any “blow” is dangerous.

Ointment with celandine

Ointment with celandine is prepared on petrolatum, lanolin, pork or mutton fat. You can also use ordinary children's cream as a basis. To get the ointment, it is better to use either the juice of the celandine or dried grass, which is previously very well ground (it is advisable to use a coffee grinder). The proportions in which the components are mixed, depend on the specific case, the specific disease. However, the usual ratios are 1 part of chopped grass and 2 parts of the mass basis. Fresh juice is mixed with the base in a ratio of 1: 4.

In order not to mold the ointment, carbolic acid (0.25%) is added to it.

Meadow plants are a fairly rich community, developing more dynamically than mountain or steppe ones. Meadow flowers and herbs compete for light, nutrients, water, so they grow much more actively than their forest counterparts, as well as representatives of mountains and steppes. Meadow plants include thousands of species, and most of them can be grown in their backyards.

With photos and names of meadow flowers and herbs, as well as a description of meadow plants you can find on this page.

What are meadow plants

KAMASSIA (CAMASSIA). Lily family.

  (Of the six known species cultivate three) - plants of mountain meadows of North America. They have an egg-shaped bulb, belt-like leaves in the ground tuft, above which towers leafless tall peduncle with a brush of large stellate flowers.

Types and varieties:

(C. quamash)   - height 25 cm, has many-flowered (20-35 flowers), dense inflorescence, blooms in early June.

(C. cusickii)   - height 70 cm, inflorescence loose, blooms in late May.

Kamassia Leuchtlin (C. leichtlinii)   - height up to 100 cm, inflorescence loose, large flowers (diameter up to 5 cm), blue or blue, blooms in June, up to 20 days.

Growing conditions.Solar plots with normally moist clay and loamy fertile soils; drainage is required on leveled areas.
Unpretentious.

Thermopsis (THERMOPSIS). Family of pea (legumes).

Lupine thermopsis   (T. lupinoides)- perennial from the meadows of the Far East with a long rhizome and tall (up to 140 cm) straight stems, leafy beautiful gray gray trifoliate leaves. Inflorescence - apical drooping brush of bright yellow large flowers. The plant is very decorative, forms a thicket, but in the middle of summer ends the growing season.

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with loose fertile soils.

Reproduction.   Segments of rhizomes (at the end of the summer) and seeds (sowing before winter). Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Derbennik (LYTHRUM). Family Derbennikov.

Willowbrick (L. salicaria)   - large (100150 cm) short-rhizomatous perennial, growing in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere on wet meadows, river banks and reservoirs. The stem, bearing numerous narrow lanceolate leaves, ends with the final brush of bright purple small flowers. The bush is dense, strict, spectacular.

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with wet clay soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing under the winter), dividing the bush (in spring). Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Miscanthus (MISCANTHUS). Family of bluegrass (cereal).

Rhizomatous high perennials (100-200 cm) from the wet meadows of the Far East, forming large dense turf, erect stems, leaves are lanceolate, hard.
   Fan-shaped silver panicles are very beautiful.

Kinds:

Miscanthus chinese (M. sinensis)   - dense, slowly growing curtain.

Miscanthus sugarflower (M. saccharifiorus)   - forms loose thickets.

Grades:

  "SiLberfeder"

"Strictus"

"Zebrinus"

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with rich, wet, peaty soils.

Reproduction.   The division of the bush in the spring and seeds (sowing before winter). Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Aquilegia, catchment (AQUILEGIA). Buttercup family.

Speaking of which meadow plants have the largest number of species of varieties, they immediately call aquilegia. This flower has about 100 species and dozens of hybrid varieties. In nature, they grow in meadows and cliffs in temperate regions of Eurasia and North America. This is a graceful plant with beautiful leaves and the original flower shape. From the thick branching taproot there is a rosette of trifoliate leaves, often of a beautiful bluish tint.

Types and varieties. High (above 60 cm):

Aquilegia hybrid (A. xhybrida)   - Flowers large all colors.

"Ballerina" - flowers pink, terry.

Crimson Star   - red and white flowers.

"Edelweiss"   white

Hybrids McCana   (McKana Hybrids)   - the tallest (up to 120 cm) aquilegia with upward-directed large flowers of all colors.

Aquilegia is adhesive (A. glandulosa)   - lilac-blue flowers.

Aquilegia vulgaris (A. vulgaris) - purple flowers with a short spur.

Olympic aquilegia (A. olympica)   - with wilted blue and white flowers.

Low (height 10-30 cm):

Alpine aquilegia (A. alpina)   - purple flowers with a short spur.

Aquilegia Fan (A. flabellata)   - large blue flowers with a spore without pale yellow rim.

Blue aquilegia (A. caerulea)   - flowers are blue with white, thin spurs.

Canadian Aquilegia (A. canadensis)   - with red-yellow flowers.

The last two species - rock plants of North America.

Growing conditions.Sunny and semi-shaded areas with light sandy soils. After flowering, the above-ground part of the plants is cut, by the autumn new leaves grow.

Reproduction.   Aquilegia are malonese, so they are transplanted for the 3-4th year. They are easily propagated by seeds (sowing in spring or before winter), the division of the bush is poorly tolerated.
  Self-seeding often appears. Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Boltonia (BOLTONIA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

In the meadows of the eastern part of the United States, 4 species of high perennial Boltonias grow. Their height is up to 150 cm, the stems are branching, leafy narrow linear leaves.
   Numerous small (about 1 cm) baskets, white, pinkish, very elegant, gathered in a loose brush.

Look at the photo of this meadow plant: the bush, despite its height, is very elegant, transparent.

Growing conditions.Sunny locations with rich, moist soils.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in the spring) and dividing the bush (spring). Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

What other plants belong to the meadow

Below are the names of meadow plants and their photos with a description.

Buzulnik (LIGULARIA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Powerful herbaceous plants of wet meadows of Asia. The leaves are large in the basal rosette, the stems are straight (80-120 cm) leafy; baskets are yellow in corymbose or racemose inflorescence.

Types and varieties:

Buzulnik toothed   (L. dentata = L. clivorum).

Buzulnik "Othello"

"Desdemona"   - with dark-colored leaves, the leaves are large, reniform, large baskets in corymbose inflorescence.

Buzulnik Hesseya (L. x hessei).

Hybrid busul gear   and wison Bouzulnik

Buzulnik Przhevalsky (L. przewalskii) - the only drought-resistant species of buzulnik with palm leaves and candle-shaped inflorescence.

Narrower head (L. stenocephala), grade "The Rocket".

Wilson Buzulnik (L wilsoniana)   - with pyramidal inflorescence.

Buzulnik Wicha (L veitchiana)   -The highest buzulnik with heart-shaped, sharp-toothed leaves, inflorescence - ear.

Siberian Buzulnik (L. sibirica)- leaves are round, straight peduncle, inflorescence - spike-shaped.

Growing conditions.   Sunny and semi-shaded areas with rich wet soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing under winter or spring) and dividing the bush (spring). Divided and transplanted rarely (after 8-10 years). Planting density - 3 pcs. on 1 m2.

Cornflower (CENTAUREA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Typical plant meadows temperate Eurasia and mountain meadows. Bushes with lyrate or oval, often silver leaves, collected in the rosette, and large bright flowers, baskets are very effective. Baskets consist of numerous funnel-shaped flowers along the edge and small tubular flowers in the middle.

Types and varieties. Bushes grow:

- (S. montana)   - it is used in culture more often than other species, it has lanceolate silvery leaves and inflorescences of blue-violet deep color.

Sort "Parham"   - basket of purple-lavender color.

knapweed "Alba"   - white.

"Rosea" - pink.

"Violetta"   - dark purple.

(C. macrocephala = Grossheimia macrocephala)- the highest cornflower (up to 120 cm) with capitated baskets of yellow color.

(C. dealbata = Psephellusdealbatus)it is distinguished by very spectacular dissected, from below, greyish lyre leaves and bright pink baskets.

Have varieties   "John Coutts"middle flowers are yellow.

And y "Sternbergii"   - white.

Cornflower Russian (C. ruthenica)   - height 100-120 cm, basket light yellow with a diameter of 5-6 cm.

Forms form:

Cornflower soft (C. mollis)   - can grow in partial shade, oval leaves, silver, low above them (about 30 cm) flower stalks with blue baskets.

Cornflower Fisher   (C. fischerii)   - forms a loose thickets of silvery leaves with a height of 30-50 cm, baskets are pink, fawn, mauve.

Growing conditions.Open sunny areas with fertile, loose, neutral, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction.Cornflowers grow rapidly, multiply well by dividing the bush (spring and end of summer) and seeds. Seeds can be sown before winter (October-November) and in early spring. Shoots appear quickly (after 10-12 days). Seedlings bloom in the second year. Planting density -3-9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Gaillardia (GAILLARDIA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Lesser perennials and annuals of dry meadows and prairies of North America. Straight branched, pubescent stems up to 70 cm in height depart from the shallow rhizome. The leaves are oval, the inflorescences resemble yellow-red daisies on long stems.

Types and varieties:

Gaillardia grandiflora (G. grandiflora)   - Forms of the city of Ostya.

Sort "Dazzier"   - red middle, orange border.

i\u003e Croftway Jellow is pure yellow.

"Mandarin"   - red with yellow, their height is 50-70 cm.

Dwarf variety "Goblin".

Dwarf Gailardii variety "Kobold"   20 cm tall, red with yellow tips.

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with loose soils.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the second year; division of the bush (spring). It is necessary to divide and replant every 3-4 years. Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Heliopsis, sunflower (HELIOPSIS). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Perennials meadows and prairies of North America. High compact bushes (up to 150 cm) from direct branchy leafy (oblong leaves) stems. At the top of the stems paniculate inflorescence of yellow baskets.

Types and varieties:

Sunflower Heliopsis (H. helianthoides).

Heliopsis rough (H. scabra)   - the leaves are opposite rough.

Terry sorts:

Golden Plume

"Goldefieder"   (yellow basket with a green center).

Non-shag:

  "Gigantea"

"Patula".

Growing conditions.Sunny areas with any dry soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing under winter) and dividing the bush (in spring). Division and transplant in 5-7 years. Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Doronicum, Goat (DORONICUM). Aster family (Asteraceae).

The genus includes about 40 species growing on meadows and in sparse forests of the temperate zone of Europe and Asia. These are rhizomatous plants with oval basal leaves and large (up to 12 cm in diameter) yellow “daisies” raised on high peduncles. All species are spring flowering, their leaves die off in the middle of summer.

Types and varieties:

(D. orientale = D. caucasicum = D. cordatum)   - a typical ephemeroid from the forests of the Caucasus with a long beech-shaped rhizome, forms thickets, blooms in early spring.

"Little Leo"   - undersized variety.

(D. plantagineum)   - plants from the meadows of the Pyrenees, short rhizome rosaceous, forms bushes up to 140 cm, blooms in late spring.

Sort "Excelsum"   (up to 100 cm high).

"Magnificum".

"Mme Mason".

More undersized variety doronicum - "Grandiflorum".

(D. austriacum)   - baskets in corymbose inflorescence, blooms later - in July, leaves remain until autumn.

Doronicum is poisonous (D. pardalianches)- height is up to 180 cm, shade-loving, forms plentiful self-seeding, is steady.

Growing conditions.   Doronikum Oriental is grown in shaded areas under a canopy of trees with loose forest soils; D. plantain grows well in the sun and in partial shade on loose fertile soils. Hygrophilous, do not tolerate overdrying of the soil.

Reproduction.   Rarely seeded (sowing in spring), most often in segments of rhizomes with bud renewal in summer, after the end of flowering. Planting density - 9-12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Bathhouse (TROLLIUS). Buttercup family.

Beautiful spring plant wet meadows of Eurasia and North America. There are about 30 species, differing in flower shape. All have a powerful root system, beautiful palmate-separate leaves on long petioles, collected in a dense shrub, 30-70 cm tall, spherical flowers (open or closed).

Species with spherical closed flowers, 50-70 cm high:

Asian swimsuit (T. asiaticus)- flowers are orange-red (they are called "frying").

(T. altaicus)   - flowers are orange with a dark spot (stamens) inside.

(T. chinensis)   - blooms later than other species (at the end of June), orange flower with prominent orange nectaries.

(T. ledebourii)- high (up to 100 cm) plant with golden-orange flowers.

Hybrid bath(T. xhybridus)   - yellow, orange flowers, large, often terry.

Species with a cupped, more or less open flower, low (height 20-40 cm); yellow flowers:

Dzhungar bathing (T. dschungaricus).

Bathtub half open (T. patulus).

Bathing dwarf (T. pumilus).

Growing conditions.   Sunny places with rich wet soils. Recommended mulching with peat. Light shading is possible.

Reproduction.The division of the bush (spring, end of summer), every 6-8 years. Freshly harvested seeds (sowing before winter). Seedlings bloom in the 2-3rd year. Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Small-scale painter (ERIGERON). Aster family (Asteraceae).

These beautiful plants, long known in culture, are also called lilac daisies. Of the nearly 250 species of small-scale angels, only 3-4 species are grown, and mostly cultivars, hybrid forms. These are perennial short-rhizomatous plants that form fairly loose bushes, often with lodging stems. Leaves oblong in the socket, inflorescence-basket, more often in corymbose inflorescence. Reed flowers narrow, located in one plane; median - yellow tubular. The height of the bush is 30-60 cm.

Types and varieties:

Melleplaque Alpine   (E. alpinus)- height 30 cm, baskets lilac-pink.

Mellebeestroot hybrid (E. x hybridus).

Sort "Azure Beauty"   - with blue flowers.

Jewel Mix   - lilac-pink flowers.

"Summerneuschnee"   - with pink and white baskets.

The beautiful giant is beautiful (E. speciosus)- from mountain meadows of western North America, bush height up to 70 cm, baskets up to 6 cm in diameter, purple with a yellow center. Blooms profusely, from mid-June to August. Seeds ripen in August.

Growing conditions.   Plants undemanding, prefer light rich wet soils and sunny habitats. After the end of flowering shoots pruned.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Tansy (TANACETUM). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Tansy ordinary (T. vulgare)   - large (height 100120 cm) plant from meadows of Eurasia with a thick short rhizome, erect rigid stems, covered with pinnate-split, bristly, dark green leaves. Dense flat golden-yellow small baskets are collected in corymbose inflorescences at the ends of the stems.

Growing conditions.This species of meadow plants prefers sunny habitats and tolerates a lack of moisture. Stable and unpretentious. After the end of flowering - trim.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in spring and autumn), dividing the bush (spring and late summer), weed. Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Beautiful meadow flowers

In this section you can see the names of meadow flowers and see their photos.

Monarda (MONARDA). Family of yarnotkovyh (labiaceae).

Monardas are beautiful meadow flowers that grow only in the temperate zone of North America on dry meadows and prairies. These are tall (up to 120 cm) long-perennial perennials with a straight rigid leafy stem and small fragrant flowers located on it in racemes in racemes. The whole plant is fragrant.

Types and varieties:

Double (M. didyma)   - purple flowers in capitate inflorescence.

Monarda tubular   (M. fistulosa)- higher and shade-tolerant view.

Mularda hybrid(M. x hybrida)- Hybrids Monarda double and tubular.

Varieties with light, almost white flowers:

"Aquarius"

"Schneewittchen"

With pink flowers:

"Beauty of Cobham" "Croftway Pink".

With red flowers:

"Scorpion"

Cambridge Scarlet.

Growing conditions.Sunny and semi-dark places with loose fertile soils, without stagnant moisture.

Reproduction.The division of the bush (spring) and seeds (sowing before winter). Perennial plant, divide and transplant in 5-7 years. Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Used in all types of flower beds, as the monarda is stably decorative, exudes aroma, the bush keeps its shape well. Suitable for cutting. Dry leaves are used for aromatherapy.

  (BELLIS). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Perennial Daisy (B. perennis)   - miniature compact plant growing in nature on wet meadows and forest glades in Western europe   and Asia Minor. In culture, it is a short-lived (3-4 years), but quickly growing perennial at the expense of stolons with a rosette of light-green spatulate wintering leaves pressed to the ground.

Numerous flower stalks (10–20 cm high) with a single basket inflorescence rise above them in May-June. There are many varieties, but nowadays, terry daisies with large spherical baskets 5-7 cm in diameter are grown more often:

Group "Monstrosa".

  "Bright Carpet".

Interesting pompon varieties - Pomponnetta.

Growing conditions. This light-loving and moisture-loving plant, in slightly shaded places, blooms longer. In wet areas with stagnation of moisture in winter.
  In rainy summer there is a second abundant bloom - in August.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in spring), dividing the bush for the entire season. Transplant every 2-3 years. Planting density - 25 pcs. on 1 m2.

Sunflower (HELIANTHUS). Aster family (Asteraceae).

The description of these meadow flowers is familiar to everyone: perennial sunflowers - high (120-200 cm) perennials with upright, leafy stems, branched at the top.
   Stems end with small yellow baskets with a diameter of 5-10 cm. They bloom in late summer - autumn.

Kinds:

Giant sunflower (H. giganteus)   - leaves broadly, rough.

Sunflower ten-person (H. decapetaius).

Hard sunflower (H. rigidus)   - blooms later than other species, the grade «Octoberfest».

Uvolistny sunflower (H. saiicifoiius)   - with narrower leaves.

Grades:

Sunflower   "Loddon GoLd"   - terry.

Sunflower   "Triumphe de Gand"

"SoLieL d’Or"   - semi-double.

Growing conditions.Sunny locations with rich neutral soils. Tolerate the lack of moisture.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in spring), dividing the bush (spring). Transplant and division every 3-4 years. Planting density - 3-5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Monitors (EUPATORIUM). Aster family (Asteraceae).

High (up to 150 cm) short root perennials from wet meadows and forest fields of the Far East and eastern regions of North America. Most of the 600 known species are tropical, and only 5-6 species grow in the temperate zone. They form tall (120-150 cm) bushes of hard, straight, leaf-bearing stems. The leaves are oval, hairy. Small baskets in broad corymbose inflorescences, from light pink to lilac.

Types and varieties:

Stevia spotted (E. maculatum), grade "Atropurpureum".

i\u003e Monk purple (E. purpureum)- dark pink inflorescences.

Stems wrinkled (E. rugosum)   - fawn inflorescences, variety “Chocolate” with dark purple leaves.

-Glen's guard (E. glehnii)   - pink flowers, blooms earlier than other species (in mid-July).

Stemship pierced leaf (E. perfoliatum)   - Meadows of the eastern United States.

Growing conditions.Sunny or slightly shaded places with moist rich soils, respond well to the introduction of peat.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring). Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Ratibide (RATIBIDA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Perennial dry meadows and prairies of western North America. Root is thick, stem, leaves are lanceolate. An interesting basket of yellow reed flowers and a highly prominent central part of small brown tubular.

Types and varieties:

Ratibide columnar (R. columnaria)   - height is about 50 cm.

Ratibide cirrus (R. pinnata).

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with dry sandy soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Used in the composition of mixed flower gardens, especially the type of "natural garden".

Rudbeckia (RUDBECKIA). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Plants of meadows and prairies of North America. Unpretentious. In culture, their baskets are always valued, always yellow, with a convex black-brown center. The roots are fibrous, shallow; sometimes rhizome is formed.

Types and varieties:

(R. fulgida)   forms compact, densely leafy bushes with a height of 40-60 cm.

Best grade "Goldsturm"   - blooms profusely for almost two months with yellow "daisies", quickly forms a curtain.

Beautiful rudbeckia (R. speciosa)   - Maloletnik (3-4 years), multi-colored baskets (yellow-brown).

Rudbeckia dissected (R. laciniata)- height 100-200 cm, quickly forms a thicket.

Sort Golden Ball("Gold Quelle")- excellent steady perennial.

Growing conditions.   Sunny and lightly shaded areas with rich, loose, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring). Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Highlander (POLYGONUM = PERSICARIA). Buckwheat family.

Large genus (about 150 species), whose species grow throughout the Earth: in the steppes, in the meadows, in the mountains, in the water. They have dense lanceolate leaves and terminal spike inflorescences. Perennials are grown in central Russia.

Types and varieties:

Highlander related (P. affine = Persicaria affinis)   - ground-cover perennial from the Himalayan rocks, 10-25 cm tall, leaves dense, lanceolate, wintering, inflorescences from small pink flowers.

Sort "Darjeeling Red".

Highlander snake (P. bistorta = Persicaria bistorta)   - A plant of wet meadows of the temperate zone of Eurasia with a thickened tuberous rhizome, height up to 100 cm, an ear of pink flowers.

Highlander-rammed ram(P. divaricatum)- up to 150 cm high, large sprawling panicle, stable decorative appearance.

Highlander Weyrich(P. weyrichii)   - a plant of meadows of the Far East, 200 cm high, white flowers in racemes, forms dense thickets.

Highlander of Sakhalin (P. sachalinense)- up to 200 cm high, a powerful plant with a long rhizome, from Sakhalin meadows, forms thickets of leafy large oval-shaped leaves, white flowers in racemes.

Highlander (P. amphibium)- up to 70 cm, near-water.

Growing conditions.   G. related - a plant of sunny areas with loose sandy soils and moderate moisture, other species prefer sunny or slightly shaded places with rich wet soils; Amphibian grows in shallow water.

Reproduction.Segments of rhizome (late summer) and summer cuttings. Planting density - depending on the size of the plant from 3 to 20 pcs. on 1 m2.

Highlander related used in rockeries, borders; Snake City - in the composition of mixed flower gardens, in the "natural garden" groups; high overgrown mountaineers are used to decorate fences and buildings. All species are interesting for cutting.

Goldenrod, golden rod (SOLIDAGO). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Perennial high rhizome plants of wet meadows, forest fields of North America. The types of meadows in Europe and Siberia are not decorative. Bushes from upright hard leafy stems 40–200 cm high. These meadow flowers have got their name for coloring - large paniculate inflorescences of yellow-golden tones rise above the bushes at the end of summer. They consist of small baskets (from a distance like mimosa flowers) and can be either light, delicate, or dense spike-shaped, green-yellow or yellow-orange.

Types and varieties:

Goldenrod highest   (S. altissima)short, rhizome bush dense.

Goldenrod Hybrid (S. x hybrida).

"Perkeo"

Goldenrod "Baby Gold"

  "GoLdstrahL"

"Laurin"

Strahlenkrone

"Dzintra"

"Kronenstrahl"

"Fruhgold"

"Spatgold"

Goldenrod wrinkled (S. rugosa)   - height is 200 cm, forms thickets, panicles are long, drooping.

Growing conditions.   Sunny or slightly shaded areas with moist clay rich soils.

Reproduction.   The division of the bush (in spring or after the end of flowering in the fall). It grows quickly, so you need to divide in 4-5 years. Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Eriofillum (ERIOPHYLLUM). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Eriofillum woolly (E. lanatum)- Perennial herbaceous plant of dry meadows and prairies of North America. The bush is quite dense, with ascending shoots with a height of 30-40 cm.

As seen in the photo, these meadow flowers have narrow, densely pubescent leaves, the inflorescence is a golden “daisy” with a diameter of about 4 cm.

Growing conditions.Sunny areas with light, well-drained soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. Perhaps the division of the bush in the spring and late summer. Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

  , Asshole (OENOTHERA). Family of firecrackers.

Perennial rhizome plants, mainly from the meadows of North America. Stems are hard-toed, numerous, with simple oval leaves and large fragrant flowers in a racemes or solitary. Disclosed at night or in cloudy weather.

Types and varieties:

(O. missouriensis = O. macrocarpa)   - 20 cm high, creeping, with yellow flowers.

(O. speciosa)   - 50 cm high, juvenile with pink flowers.

Enotera quadrangular (O. tetragona = O. fruticosa)   - 90 cm tall, yellow flowers.

Sort "Fyrverkeri"

Enotera "Longest Day".

Growing conditions.   Sunny areas with rich, well-drained, leveled soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Low use in rockeries and curbs, high - in mixborders.

Daylily, daylight (HEMEROCALLIS). Lily family.

About 20 species are known, mostly growing on meadows in East Asia. The bush is large, up to 100 cm high, with a powerful deep root system (sometimes short stolons are formed).

Pay attention to the photos of these meadow flowers: enotera leaves are xiphoid, curved; funnel-shaped flowers large (up to 12 cm long), wide open (in sunny weather), collected in paniculate inflorescence (10 to 40 flowers), live one day.

Types and varieties:

Daylily brown yellow (H. fulva)   - brown-yellow flowers and large shrubs.

Small daylily (H. minor)   - the most drought-resistant species with a small bush of narrow, grass-like leaves and an inflorescence of small light yellow flowers.

Daylum Dumortier (H. dumortieri)   - compact bush, orange flowers.

(H. middendorffii)   - fragrant orange flowers.

Daylily lemon yellow (H. citrina)   - different lemon-yellow flower elongated.

Daylily hybrid (H. x hybrida)   - hybrids of complex origin with flowers of all colors (except blue and blue) and different period of flowering.

There are 10,000 varieties known, the groups are distinguished: early (end of May-June), medium (June-July), late (August-September); on coloring (monophonic, two-color, multi-color).

Interesting modern varieties with white (fawn) flowers with "eye" in the center:

Day-lily "Radiant Greetings"   - "peephole" brown on a yellow background.

"Edna Jean"   - crimson "peephole" on a pink background.

Growing conditions.   Sunny (or slightly shaded) places with rich, normally moist soils.

Reproduction.   The division of the bush (once in 10-12 years) in early spring or late summer.

  (TRADESCANTIA). Family kommelinovyh.

Herbaceous perennials growing on the meadows and in the prairies of North America form dense bushes 50–80 cm tall from saber-shaped basal lanceolate leaves.
   Flowers are threefold, large (diameter 4–5 cm), flat, in an umbellate inflorescence. The bloom of the specimen is long but not amicable, since at the same time 2-3 flowers are open at the same time.

Types and varieties:

Anderson's Tradescantia (T. x andersoniana)   - a hybrid.

Sort "Innocence"   - almost white.

"Karminglute"   - red.

"Leonora"   - dark purple.

"Osprey"   - light with a blue center.

Tradescantia "Rubra".

"Charlotte"   - bright mauve.

Virginia tradescantia (T. virginiana)   - flowers pink-purple.

Ohio Tradescantia (T. ohiensis)   - height up to 100 cm, leaves narrower, linear, flowers bluish in a bundle, drought-resistant.

Growing conditions.Sunny places with fertile, normally moist soils. Plants are unpretentious.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing before winter), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Used in flower beds of any type.

Physiostegy (PHYSOSTEGIA). Family yasnotkovyh.

Physostegy virginskaya (P. virginiana)   - high (80110 cm) perennial from wet meadows of North America. Quickly forms thickets due to long branching rhizomes. Strong dense stalks are covered with lanceolate light green leaves. Inflorescence spike final, in the form - purple.

Grades:

"Bouquet Rose"   - 70 cm high

"Summer Snow"   - 80 cm high, white flowers.

"Variegata".

Growing conditions.   Sunny or semi-dark places with rich wet soils.

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring and autumn). Landing density - 16 pcs. on 1 m2.

It looks good in separate spots under the canopy of rare trees, in the composition of the flower gardens “natural garden”, in mixed flower gardens (limit growth); to cut.

Meadow herbs with photos, names and descriptions

With a photo of meadow herbs, their name and description can be found below.

  . Aster family (Asteraceae).

Large grasses from the meadows of North America. Straight, branched at the top of the stems covered with lanceolate leaves. Large flowers solitary or in loose shield. According to legend, the name of this meadow grass is given by the name of the beautiful Helen, the wife of Menelaus, who has the same beautiful golden curls as the petals of gelenium.

Types and varieties:

Sort   "Altgoldrise"with yellow smeared marginal flowers.

Gelenium   "Gartensonne"   - marginal flowers are bright yellow, median - yellow-brown.

"Katharina"   - marginal flowers are dark yellow, tubular - brown.

"Moerheim Beauty"   - the basket is yellow.

"Die Blonde"   - red-brown, etc.

Gelenium Hupa (H. hoopesii)   - flowers are orange-yellow, blooms in June, height 40-50 cm.

Growing conditions.Sunny areas with loose garden soils and good moisture. Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Reproduction.   These meadow grasses breed in spring with young rosettes. Division and transplant every 3-4 years.

  (COREOPSIS). Aster family (Asteraceae).

Perennial grasses from the meadows of North America. Numerous branching stems 60-80 cm high, covered with leaves, depart from dense short rhizomes.

As seen in the photo, these meadow herbs have bright yellow inflorescences-baskets, similar to daisies.

Types and varieties:

Most often cultivated coreopsis grandiflora(C. grandiflora)   - it has pinnately dissected leaves and large baskets (up to 6 cm in diameter).

Sort "Domino"   - yellow with a dark center, height 40 cm.

"Lous d" Or "   - semi-double, height 90 cm.

"Sanrai"   - double flowers, height 60 cm.

(C. verticillata)   - it has a compact, spherical bush and narrow linear leaves.

Sort "Grandiflora"   - height up to 80 cm.

Coreopsis "Zagreb"   - undersized (25 cm) bush.

Growing conditions.   Undemanding plants grow well on any soil, in the sun and in partial shade.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in the spring and winter). Seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. Possible division of the bush (in the spring and at the end of the summer). Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Nivyanik, pripovnik (LEUCANTHEMUM = CHRYSANTHEMUM) Aster family (Asteraceae).

Short rooted grass meadows of Europe and Asia. Stems erect, little-branched, leafy, 80-100 cm tall. Leaves whole. Inflorescence - large baskets located at the ends of the stems. The marginal flowers are white, the median ones are yellow.

Types and varieties:

Daisy, or daisy meadow (L. vulgare = Chrysanthemum leucanthemum)   - blooms in early June.

Sort "Hofenkrone".

May Queen.

Greater Nivyanik (L. maximum = Chrysanthemum maximum)   - blooms from the beginning of July.

Sort "Alaska".

"Polaris"

"Little Princess"   - with large baskets.

Sort "Aglay"

"Exhibition"

"Wirral Supreme"   - baskets terry.

Growing conditions.   Solar plots with fertile clay, normally moist soil.

Reproduction.Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom by autumn, and by dividing the bush (in early spring and late summer). The plant is juvenile, so the division should be carried out every 3 years. Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Geykhera (HEUCHERA). Family kamnelomkovyh.

Plants dry meadows, rocks and prairies of North America. There are about 50 species of perennial herbs. Geyhery form a dense rounded low (20-50 cm) bush of numerous sockets. The leaves are rounded, with a serrated edge, on long petioles, wintering. At the height of summer, numerous openwork paniculate inflorescences of small bell-shaped flowers rise above the bushes. Bloom long and plentiful. Seeds ripen in September.

In culture, only a few species are used:

-Geicherra American (H. americana)   - leaves are bluish, flowers are small, greenish, few.

Sort "Persian Carpet".

Geiche fuzzy (H. villosa)   - A plant of dry forests with large green leaves and a loose panicle of white flowers.

Geykher blood red (H. sanguinea)- the leaves are reddish, the flowers are pink or red in a loose multi-flower panicle, this species is the basis of most hybrids.

Geykhera small-flowered(H. micrantha) - known for its variety “Palace Purple” with large purple leaves.

Geykher shaky (H. x brizoides)   - garden hybrid.

Sort "Plue de Feu".

"Rakete"

"Silberregen".

Geicher hybrid(H. x hybrida)- In recent years, obtained numerous varieties with leaves of different colors (pinkish, silver, red, brown, with colored veins, etc.).

Particularly interesting varieties:

"Prince"   - with green flowers and red-silver leaves.

"Regina"- flowers of coral color.

"Peter Veil"   - red-silver leaves with dark streaks.

"Plum Pudding"   - leaves are dark red, corrugated.

"Silver Indiana".

Growing conditions.   Sunny and slightly shaded areas with rich neutral, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction.   The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Species can be propagated by seed (sowing in spring). Seedlings bloom in the 3rd year. Division and transplant every 4-5 years.
  Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

HOUSTONIA (HOUSTONIA). Family marenovyh.

Low-growing (10-15 cm) grass from wet meadows and cliffs of the east of North America.

Types and varieties:

Houstonia blue(H. caerulea).

Sort "Millard's Variety"   - with bright blue flowers.

Thousonium Thyme (H. serpyllifolia).

Growing conditions.   These perennial meadow grasses prefer semi-shaded areas with wet soils.

Reproduction.Seeds and division of the bush (at the end of the summer). Landing density - 16 pcs. on 1 m2.

Plant clover meadow and his photo

Family of pea (legumes).

The plant is a perennial with trifoliate leaves and flowers in capitate inflorescences. It grows in the meadows of the temperate zone. Height from 10 cm in creeping species to 90 cm in the bush. Good honey plants, improve soil structure.

Types and varieties:

Sort   "Pentaphyllum"- leaves green-purple, white flowers, height 20 cm.

"Quadrifolium"- with four leaves of brown color, forms a carpet.

Clover red (T. rubens)- height 60 cm, flowers lilac-red, grows a bush.

Growing conditions.   Sunny places with any soils. Unpretentious.

Reproduction.This species of meadow grasses propagates by seeds (sowing before winter), by dividing a bush (in spring and at the end of summer). Planting density - 9-16 pcs. on 1 m2.

Low clover forms mats, well wears the soil on the slopes. High interesting in mixed flower beds, where they improve the soil.

The variety of plants in the forest zone allows you to choose for your garden those flowers or herbs that will ideally match the conditions of your site. As a rule, forest grasses and flowering plants are unpretentious, because in nature they are content with the shade of tall trees and are forced to survive, despite the shrub thickets surrounding them from all sides.

Perennial plants for the forest area

Adiantum (ADIANTUM). Adint family.

Basil filamentous(T. filamentosum) - low, 15-25 cm tall, with a long rhizome, forms a thicket of soft green leaves, in an openwork inflorescence, it grows in the shade.

Basil of Delaware (T. delavayi)- 100 cm high, a magnificent large pink or red inflorescence.

Growing conditions.   Sunny or semi-dark places with loose moist soils (except in the small, which prefers dry soils).

Reproduction.   Seeds (sowing in the spring or winter), dividing the bush (spring or late summer). Able to weed. Planting density - 9 pcs. on 1 m2.

Black cohosh, cimicifuga (CIMICIFUGA). Buttercup family.

Tall herbs (up to 200 cm), blooming from late summer all autumn. About 20 species are known that grow in the forests of the Far East and North America. Rhizome dense, short, forms a powerful root system. The leaves are large, trifoliate, rising high on a long petiole, tall flower stalks, carrying a brush of numerous small white flowers. Slowly growing perennial, holding the place to 30-40 years.

Types and varieties:

Black cohosh (C. ramosa)   - height 200 cm, grade "Atropurpurea".

Klopogon Dahur (C. dahurica)   - height 200 cm, with branched racemes, blooms in September-October.

Black cohosh (C. racemosa = C. cordifoiia)   - height 180 cm, blooms earlier than other species (in July), flowers pale-white in racemes.

Klopogon simple(C. simpiex)- height 140 cm, blooms in September, flowers in a simple spike-shaped inflorescence.

Growing conditions.Shaded and semi-shaded areas with rich, well-drained, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction.   Freshly harvested seeds, sowing before winter. Seedlings bloom in the 3-5th year, but it is safer to propagate in the spring by dividing the bush. Delenki easily take root and live without a transplant to 30 years. Planting density - 3 pcs. on 1 m2.

Jeffersonia (JEFFERSONIA). Barberry family.

In this genus, there are only two species growing at opposite ends of the globe — one in the forests of eastern North America, the other in the forests of the Far East. These are low (25-35 cm) short rhizomatous grasses, forming rounded shrubs from tender basal round leaves and blooming in early spring. Flowers solitary, with a diameter of 2-3 cm.

Types and varieties:

Jeffersonia double (J. diphylla)from America it has a leaf carved on the top and white flowers; Jeffersonian suspicious (J. dubia) from the Far East leaves are rounded, and the flowers are pale lilac.

Growing conditions.In the shade, under a canopy of trees covering the ground in autumn with fallen leaves; on loose forest soil, well drained.

Reproduction.Seed propagation is difficult, as the seeds germinate only in the 3rd year. Propagated by dividing the bush at the end of the summer. Without division and transplantation can grow 20-25 years.

Landing density - 16 pcs. on 1 m2.

Cardiocrinum (CARDIOCRINUM). Lily family.

The genus Cardiocrinum includes 3 species of large bulbous herbs growing on forest edges and in rare forests of East Asia. Peduncle 150-300 cm tall with numerous flowers similar to lilies. These are the tallest plants of the lily family. They have shiny large heart-shaped leaves on the petioles and numerous (up to 30 pieces on the stem) white tubular fragrant flowers up to 15 cm long.

Types and varieties. In the temperate zone it grows well:

Cardiocrinum heart (C. cordatum)especially its shape "Glenna" (C. cordatum f. Glehnii)dwelling in the light forests of Sakhalin, they have large flowers in a multi-flowered inflorescence.

Cardiocrinum giant (C. giganteum)- Himalayan plant, needs a strong shelter, often damaged by frost.

Growing conditions.   Slightly shaded areas with moist, loose, rich soils under the canopy of deciduous species (oak, linden, maple, apple).

Reproduction.Freshly harvested seeds are sown before winter, in spring they germinate, seedlings bloom on the 7-10th year.

Medunitsa (PULMONARIA). Burachnikov family.

Perennial forest rhizomatous grasses (about 14 species) with a height of 20-40 cm, with oval pubescent leaves in the rosette and tubular flowers of red-violet tones (change color after pollination) in a dense curly inflorescence. Bloom in early spring. The name of these forest herbs was due to the fact that their flowers are rich in nectar, the lungwort is one of the first spring honey plants.

Types and varieties:

Narrow-leaved medunica(P. angustifolia)   - grows in pine forests on sandy soils in Europe.

Varieties of lungfish "Azurea"   and "Smokey BLue".

Filunsky Medunitsa (P. filarszkyana)and red (P. rubra) - from the forests of the Carpathians, the variety «Redstart».

The softest medunitse (P. mollissima)   - up to 40 cm in height, the flowers are dark blue from the forests of the Caucasus and Central Asia.

Dark Lungwort (P. obscura)   - Flowers lilac-pink, from forests of Central Europe.

Lung sugar (P. saccharata)   - from the forests of Southern Europe, the leaves are green with large bluish spots, purple flowers, variety “Mrs. Moon. "

Growing conditions.   Shaded areas under the canopy of trees with loose forest soils, moderately moist. M. narrow-leaved grows well on sands, and sugar mills grow well on stony sandy soils with good lighting.

Reproduction.   The division of the bush (at the end of the summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. on 1 m2.

Steblelist (CAULOPHYLLUM). Barberry family.

Large (up to 120 cm high) grass with a thickened short rhizome, straight stem (up to 100 cm) and several beautiful, slightly bluish, trifoliate leaves. The flowers are small, pale yellow, collected in a rare panicle.

Pay attention to the photos of these forest grasses - they are especially beautiful in the autumn, when they have berry-shaped, gray-gray fruits.

Types and varieties. This genus contains only two species:

Stalker powerful (C. robustum)   - taiga plant of the south of the Ussuri region and stem listist vasilistnikovidny (C. thaLictroides) - plant of deciduous forests of the east of North America. They are very similar in appearance and in their environmental needs.

Growing conditions.Highly shaded areas under the canopy of broad-leaved species. Soils are loose, forested, moderately moist. Good winter over litter.

Reproduction.   Seed propagation is difficult, seeds germinate only in the 2-3rd year, and seedlings bloom in the 4-5th year. Without transplantation and division can grow in one place up to 30 years.

Reproduction is possible by dividing the bush at the end of the summer. Planting density - 5 pcs. on 1 m2.

Disporum (DISPORUM). Family uvulyarievyh (lily).

Forest perennial grasses (about 15 species), growing in the forests of East Asia and North America, with a horizontal creeping rhizome and branches at the top on two branches with stems covered with ovoid leaves and ending with umbellate inflorescence of narrow-bell-shaped white-greenish flowers. Decorative fruits.

Types and varieties:

Disporum smilatsinovy (D. smilacinum)   - plant of floodplain forests of the Far East.

Disorpum spotted (D. maculatum)   - from the mountain forests of North America.