Dawlish Warren Flora
The Warren has long been recognised as an important botanical site, although the assessment of older records is complicated by the variation of site names used in the past. The spit has been variously known as Exmouth Sands, Exmouth Warren, Dawlish; and The Warren over the years, the familiar name not coming into regular usage until Great Western Railway renamed their station from Warren Platform to Dawlish Warren in 1912.
These older records include the first record of Purple Spurge for the UK in the late 18th century and Red Star-thistle in the early 19th century. Sand Crocus was first noted here as long ago as 1834, until a recent rediscovery in southern Cornwall, this was the only known UK site for this species.
Several other nationally rare species
have also been recorded here along with 21 species which are classed as Nationally
Scarce.
This page covers the 729 higher plant species & 22 hybrids recorded on Dawlish Warren and builds on the previous work of many botanists and the 1992 published flora produced by Mary De Lemos. The following list is intended as a supplement to the 1992 Flora, species not in bold have not been recorded since publication.
This list follows the order of A New Flora of Devon (2016), R.Smith, B.Hodgson & J. Ison; which includes an excellent section on the Warren.
Please pass on any records you may have to the Recording Group, they will be forwarded to the BSBI Vice county Recorder and Devon Biodiversity Records Centre.
It is our intention to try
to use Dawlish Warren photographs of many species on this website, both common
and rare. If you can help, please
get in touch.
Devon (1850 2km squares) status | Recording area totals |
Very rare - occurs in <10 2km squares | 82 |
Rare – occurs in 10 – 30 2km squares | 85 |
Occasional – occurs in 31 to 100 2km squares | 154 |
Frequent – occurs in 101 – 500 2km squares | 190 |
Common - occurs in 501 - 1400 2km squares | 178 |
Very Common - occurs in over 1400 2km squares | 61 |
751 |
Last updated 12/07/22
1992 - 2010 |
2011- |
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SX9778 | SX9878 | SX9880 | ||||
Lycopodiaceae |
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Marsh Clubmoss | Lycopodiella inundata | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded on site in 1936. | ||||||
Ophioglossaceae | ||||||
Adder’s-tongue | Ophioglossum vulgatum | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. |
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(c) Darren Maynard | ||||||
Small Adder’s-tongue | Ophioglossum azoricum | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Native. First discovered in Greenland Lake in 2003, was re-found and its identity confirmed in 2005. There are only two other sites in Devon. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Equisetaceae |
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Field Horsetail | Equisetum arvense | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered on the Golf Course in 1995. Also occurs around the car park. | ||||||
Giant Horsetail | Equisetum telmateia | |||||
Discovered by the Entrance Bushes in Nov 2021. | ||||||
(c) Phil Pullen | ||||||
Osmundaceae | ||||||
Royal Fern | Osmunda regalis | b | ||||
Previously occurred in the copse by the 2nd Tee but was lost during scrub clearance c2005. Rediscovered by the 12th fairway in 2020. | ||||||
Dennstaedtiaceae |
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Bracken | Pteridium aquilinum | b | b | |||
Discovered on the wall above the 18th green on the Golf Course in 1995. Also present along the Railway Embankment. | ||||||
Aspleniaceae | ||||||
Hart’s-tongue Fern | Phyllitis scolopendrium | b | b | b | ||
Previously under a shop in the amusements area, was lost when this area was redeveloped. In 2005 was rediscovered in a number of areas where bramble had been cleared the previous year. Also recorded in the Entrance Bushes, along the railway embankment and amongst boulders on the old seawall. | ||||||
Black Spleenwort | Asplenium adiantum-nigrum | b | b | b | ||
Found on Langstone Rock with records around the old shops until lost to development and single plants found in 2004 along the Dune Ridge and 2021 on Warren Point after bramble clearance. | ||||||
Maidenhair Spleenwort | Asplenium trichomanes | b | b | b | ||
A single plant was found in 2005 growing by a light in the Railway Tunnel under the Recording Area boundary. It survived until 2017, two years longer than the light. Also was by the Boathouse in 2018 only. | ||||||
Dryopteridaceae | ||||||
Male Fern | Dryopteris filix-mas | b | b | |||
Broad Buckler-fern | Dryopteris dilatata | b | b | |||
Polypodiaceae | ||||||
Intermediate Polypody | Polypodium interjectum | b | b | b | ||
Found in areas of fixed dune and bramble scrub. | ||||||
Pinaceae | ||||||
Scots Pine | Pinus sylvestrus | b | b | |||
A single mature tree and occasional saplings in the Entrance Bushes, previously also in Dead Dolphin Wood. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Taxaceae | ||||||
Yew | Taxus baccata | b | b | b | ||
A few scattered plants, no doubt from bird droppings. Largest trees around the 2nd Tee. | ||||||
Nymphaeaceae | ||||||
White Water-lily | Nymphaea alba | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Main Pond in 1996, still present. | ||||||
Lauraceae | ||||||
Bay | Laurus nobilis | b | b | b | b | |
Several plants around the Main Pond, Cuckoo's Nest, Golf Course and on Warren Point. | ||||||
Ceratophyllaceae | ||||||
Rigid Hornwort | Ceratophyllum demersum | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Main Pond in 1995, still present. | ||||||
Papaveraceae | ||||||
Oriental Poppy | Papaver pseudorientale | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered by Langstone Rock in June 2022. | ||||||
Atlas Poppy | Papaver atlanticum | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in the late 1990s, didn't persist. | ||||||
Opium Poppy | Papaver somniferum | b | b | |||
Increasing at the landward end. | ||||||
Common Poppy | Papaver rhoeas | b | b | b | ||
Makes occasional appearances. | ||||||
Long-headed Poppy | Papaver dubium | b | ||||
Rediscovered around the car park in 1995, persisted for several years. Refound on the golf course in 2021. | ||||||
Prickly Poppy | Papaver argemone | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded at the Warren in 1860. | ||||||
Yellow Horned-poppy | Glaucium flavum | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. Rediscovered growing in Soft Sand Bay in 1996, however only occasional in its appearances and was last recorded in 2005. | ||||||
White Ramping-fumitory | Fumaria capreolata | b | b | |||
Discovered on the Golf Course in 2009, still present. | ||||||
Common Ramping-fumitory | Fumaria muralis ssp. boraei | b | b | b | ||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Common Fumitory | Fumaria officinalis | b | ||||
Discovered near the Boathouse in 2009. | ||||||
Berberidaceae | ||||||
Darwin's Barberry | Berberis darwinii | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. One bush near the Dune Pond discovered c 2014, still present, with a second in the Buffer Zone discovered in May 2021. | ||||||
Ranunculaceae | ||||||
Stinking Hellebore | Helleborous foetidus | |||||
One record on the Dune Ridge in 1991. | ||||||
Love-in-a-Mist | Nigella damascena | |||||
Introduced. First recorded on the Golf Course in May 2022. | ||||||
Traveller’s-joy | Clematis vitalba | b | b | b | ||
Often found growing amongst Marram along the Dune Ridge. | ||||||
Orange Peel Clematis | Clematis tangutica | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered growing on Warren Point in Sep 2010, still present. | ||||||
Meadow Buttercup | Ranunculus acris | b | b | |||
Creeping Buttercup | Ranunculus repens | b | b | b | ||
Bulbous Buttercup | Ranunculus bulbosus | b | b | |||
Small-flowered Buttercup | Ranunculus parviflorus | b | b | b | ||
Found in areas of short grassland, especially around the seawall. | ||||||
Celery-leaved Buttercup | Ranunculus sceleratus | b | b | |||
Found in ditches on the Golf Course. | ||||||
Lesser Spearwort | Ranunculus flammula | b | b | |||
Brackish Water-crowfoot | Ranunculus baudotii | |||||
Rare in Devon. No recent sign. | ||||||
Lesser Celandine | Ranunculus ficaria | b | b | b | ||
Columbine | Aquilegia vulgaris | |||||
Grossulariaceae |
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Redcurrant | Ribes rubum | b | ||||
Discovered on the
Golf Course in 1995. |
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Blackcurrant | Ribes nigrum | b | ||||
Discovered in 1998 on an island in the Main
Pond. Perhaps via the Starling roost. |
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Flowering Currant | Ribes sanguineum | b | ||||
Discovered in the Entrance
Bushes in 1995. |
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Gooseberry | Ribes uva-crispa | b | ||||
Saxifragaceae |
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Elephant's-ears | Bergenia crassifolia | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Spreading from plantings at Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Rue-leaved Saxifrage | Saxifraga tridactylites | b | b | |||
Discovered in 1995 on the railway platform. Still present, also on ledge above the 18th Green. | ||||||
Crassulaceae | ||||||
Mossy Stonecrop | Crassula tillaea | b | ||||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. Discovered in the Buffer Zone in 2017, with a second population near the seawall in 2018 and a third on the Golf Course in 2021. Only one other Devon site. | ||||||
Navelwort | Umbilicus rupestris | b | b | b | b | |
Caucasian Stonecrop | Sedum spurium | |||||
Previously occurred in Greenland Lake. Last recorded in 1990. | ||||||
Biting Stonecrop | Sedum acre | b | b | b | ||
White Stonecrop | Sedum album | b | b | b | ||
English Stonecrop | Sedum anglicum | b | b | b | ||
Haloragaceae | ||||||
Spiked Water-milfoil | Myriophyllum spicatum | b | b | |||
Present in the Main Pond. | ||||||
Fabaceae | ||||||
Kidney Vetch | Anthyllis vulneraria | b | b | |||
Population on the Back Path seems to have been lost to mowing but still present on Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Narrow-leaved Bird's-foot Trefoil | Lotus glaber | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. Discovered in 2006 in front of the Entrance Bushes. | ||||||
Bird’s–foot Trefoil | Lotus corniculatus | b | b | b | b | |
Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil | Lotus pedunculatus | b | b | |||
Hairy Bird’s-foot Trefoil | Lotus subbiflorus | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Rediscovered on Langstone Rock c2002. | ||||||
Slender Bird’s-foot Trefoil | Lotus angustissimus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded in late 19th century. | ||||||
Bird’s-foot | Ornithopus perpusillus | b | b | b | ||
(c) Matt Knott | ||||||
Tufted Vetch | Vicia cracca | b | b | b | ||
Hairy Tare | Vicia hirsuta | b | b | |||
Smooth Tare | Vicia tetrasperma | |||||
Rediscovered on the golf course in June 2021. | ||||||
Bush Vetch | Vicia sepium | b | b | |||
Common Vetch | Vicia sativa nigra | b | b | |||
- | Vicia sativa segetalis | b | ||||
Broad Bean | Vicia faba | b | ||||
Several plants discovered in a cleared area of Dead Dolphin Wood in 2005. | ||||||
Meadow Vetchling | Lathyrus pratensis | |||||
Rediscovered near the Cuckoo's Nest in July 2021. | ||||||
Narrow-leaved Everlasting Pea | Lathyrus sylvestris | b | b | |||
Rediscovered
on the Golf Course in 1995, still present. |
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Broad-leaved Everlasting Pea | Lathyrus latifolius | b | b | |||
First recorded
in the 1840s. Rediscovered growing on the railway
embankment in 1995, still present. |
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Hairy Vetchling | Lathyrus hirstus | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Last recorded in c1895. | ||||||
Grass Vetchling | Lathyrus nissolia | b | ||||
Discovered on the Golf Course in 1995. Not seen recently. Refound in June 2021. | ||||||
Rest-harrow | Ononis repens | b | b | |||
(c) Steve Cox | ||||||
Tall Melilot | Melilotus altissima | |||||
Ribbed Melilot | Melilotus officinalis | b | ||||
Reappeared by the Tractor Compound in 2019 only. | ||||||
Black Medick | Medicago lupulina | |||||
Lucerne, Alfalfa | Medicago sativa | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Rediscovered in the Buffer Zone in 2009-2019. | ||||||
Toothed Medick | Medicago polymorpha | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Spotted Medick | Medicago arabica | b | b | |||
Bird's-foot Clover (Fenugreek) | Trifolium ornithopodioides | b | b | |||
White/Dutch Clover | Trifolium repens | b | b | b | ||
Alsike Clover | Trifolium hybridum | |||||
Clustered Clover | Trifolium glomeratum | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. First recorded in 1880. | ||||||
Suffocated Clover | Trifolium suffocatum | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Strawberry Clover | Trifolium fragiferum | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Hop Trefoil | Trifolium campestre | b | b | |||
Lesser Trefoil | Trifolium dubium | b | b | b | b | |
(c) Matt Knott | ||||||
Slender Trefoil | Trifolium micranthum | b | b | |||
Red Clover | Trifolium pratense | b | b | b | ||
Zigzag Clover | Trifolium medium | b | b | |||
Crimson Clover | Trifolium incarnatum | |||||
|
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Knotted Clover | Trifolium striatum | b | b | b | ||
Rough Clover | Trifolium scabrum | b | b | b | ||
Hare’s-foot Clover | Trifolium arvense | b | b | b | ||
(c) Andrew Cunningham | ||||||
Subterranean Clover | Trifolium subterraneum | b | b | |||
(c) Matt Knott | ||||||
Tree Lupin | Lupinus arboreus | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Invasive Californian alien that has been much removed, partially kept in check by aphid damage and occasional frosts. | ||||||
Laburnum | Laburnum anagyroides | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Broom | Cytisus scoparius | b | ||||
No recent sign. | ||||||
Montpelier Broom | Cytisus monspessulanus | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Dyer’s Greenweed | Genista tinctoria | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded in 1983. | ||||||
Common Gorse | Ulex europaeus | b | b | b | ||
Polygalaceae | ||||||
Common Milkwort | Polygala vulgaris | |||||
Heath Milkwort | Polygala serpyllifolia | |||||
Rosaceae |
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Meadow-sweet | Filipendula ulmaria | b | b | |||
Abundant in Greenland Lake. | ||||||
Chinese Bramble | Rubus tricolor | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in the Car Park in 2022. | ||||||
Raspberry | Rubus idaeus | b | b | |||
Discovered in 1995. Became widespread behind the Main Pond, now scarce. | ||||||
Bramble | Rubus fruticosus agg. | |||||
The
majority of species were recorded by Ray Gould
in 1995. |
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Elm-leaved Bramble | Rubus ulmifolius | b | b | b | b | |
Frequent in Devon. Native, the commonest and most widespread bramble. | ||||||
- | Rubus leightonii | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
- | Rubus longithyrsiger | |||||
Occasional in Devon. Native, a predominately western species. | ||||||
- | Rubus tuberculatus | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
- | Rubus sempernitens | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
- | Rubus imbricatus | b | ||||
Occasional in Devon. Native. | ||||||
- | Rubus albionis | b | ||||
Occasional in Devon. Native, a predominately western species. | ||||||
- | Rubus conjunigens | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
- | Rubus rubritinctus | b | ||||
Frequent in Devon. A predominately western species. | ||||||
- | Rubus lamburnensis | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native, a predominately western species. | ||||||
Himalayan Giant | Rubus armeniacus | b | b | |||
Occasional in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
- | Rubus dentatifolius | b | ||||
Occasional in Devon. Native, a predominately western species. | ||||||
- | Rubus adscitus | b | ||||
Occasional in Devon. Native, a predominately western species. | ||||||
Silverweed | Potentilla anserina | b | b | b | ||
Tormentil | Potentilla erecta | |||||
Creeping Cinquefoil | Potentilla reptans | b | b | |||
Garden Strawberry | Fragaria ananassa | b | ||||
Rediscovered near the promenade in 1998. |
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Wood Avens | Geum urbanum | b | b | |||
Agrimony | Agrimonia eupatoria | b | b | |||
Salad Burnet | Sanguisorba minor | |||||
Parsley-piert | Aphanes arvensis | b | b | |||
Slender Parsley-piert | Aphanes microcarpa | b | b | b | b | |
Rediscovered in 1994. Previously overlooked as often the commonest of the species pair present. | ||||||
Field-rose | Rosa arvense | b | ||||
Discovered in 1995. | ||||||
Japanese Rose | Rosa rugosa | b | b | |||
Largely eradicated from the Wryneck Plain, still present by the hide and a small area of Golf Course. | ||||||
Short-styled Field Rose | Rosa stylosa | b | ||||
Recorded in 1997. | ||||||
Dog Rose | Rosa canina | b | b | |||
Sweet Briar | Rosa rubiginosa | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Small-flowered Sweet-Briar | Rosa micrantha | b | ||||
Recorded in 1997. | ||||||
Cherry Plum | Prunus cerasifera | b | b | |||
Largest bush is along the Back Path. | ||||||
Blackthorn | Prunus spinosa | b | b | b | ||
Plum | Prunus domestica | |||||
Rediscovered growing by the Railway Station in July 2021. | ||||||
Cherry | Prunus avium | b | b | |||
A sapling discovered growing in the Buffer Zone in 2009. Others found near the station in 2020. | ||||||
Dwarf Cherry | Prunus cerasus | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Back Path Prunus. | ||||||
Portuguese Laurel | Prunus lusitanica | |||||
Peach | Prunus persica | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Pear | Pyrus communis | |||||
Very rare in
Devon. Introduced |
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Apple | Malus domestica | b | b | |||
At least five trees and several saplings on site, including large specimens along the Back Path and by the Cuckoo's Nest. | ||||||
Rowan | Sorbus acuparia | b | b | |||
A small seedling was discovered by the Main Pond in 1996. Several others have also since been found, a couple now mature trees. | ||||||
Swedish Whitebeam | Sorbus intermedia | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. A sapling discovered growing in Greenland Lake in 2007. Several others have been discovered but the only remaining one is in Dead Dolphin Wood. | ||||||
Bearberry Cotoneaster | Cotoneaster dammeri | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Planted around the tourist attractions this species was spreading into the dune grassland. Lost to salt damage after the 2015 storms. | ||||||
Himalayan Cotoneaster | Cotoneaster simonsii | b | b | |||
Wall Cotoneaster | Cotoneaster horizontalis | b | b | |||
Discovered on Warren Point around 2003. One plant also on the Golf Course. | ||||||
Franchet's Cotoneaster | Cotoneaster franchetti | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Stern's Cotoneaster | Cotoneaster sternianus | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded in 2002-03. | ||||||
Hawthorn | Crataegus monogyna | b | b | |||
Eleagnaceae | ||||||
Sea Buckthorn | Hippophae rhamnoides | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. A sapling on Warren Point was the first record since the 1950s but was removed after a couple of years. | ||||||
Oleaster | Elaeagnus x ebbingei | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered by the old entrance. Self seeded from planted stock around the car park. | ||||||
Rhamnaceae | ||||||
Alder Buckthorn | Frangula alnus | b | ||||
A bush in the car park was overlooked until 2018! | ||||||
Cannabaceae | ||||||
Hop | Humulus lupulus | b | b | |||
Regular along the fence by the Visitor Centre. | ||||||
Urticaceae | ||||||
Stinging Nettle | Urtica dioica | b | b | b | ||
Small Nettle | Urtica urens | b | b | b | ||
Most often recorded around disturbed ground at the landward end of site. | ||||||
Pellitory-of-the-wall | Parietaria judaica | b | b | b | b | |
Present in some areas along the Dune Ridge, but much was lost to the sea defence works. | ||||||
Cucurbitaleae | ||||||
Wax Begonia | Begonia cucullata | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. On the Golf Course on imported soil in 2011. | ||||||
Fagaceae | ||||||
Beech | Fagus sylvatica | b | ||||
Three records. A seedling emerged from mast washed onto the strandline in 2002. Two saplings were found behind the Main Pond in 2005 with another opposite the VC in 2008. | ||||||
Turkey Oak | Quercus cerris | b | b | |||
A couple of trees and occasional saplings presumably from the planted copse on the Golf Course. | ||||||
Holm Oak | Quercus ilex | b | b | |||
Several small trees on site with the largest in the Spinney on the Golf Course now removed. | ||||||
Pedunculate Oak | Quercus robur | b | b | |||
Mainly found around the Entrance Bushes and the Spinney. | ||||||
Hazel | Corylus avellana | |||||
Betulaceae | ||||||
Silver Birch | Betula pendula | b | b | |||
Downy Birch | Betula pubescens | b | b | |||
Rediscovered around Greenland Lake in the mid
1990s. |
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Alder | Alnus glutinosa | b | b | b | b | |
Italian Alder | Alnus cordata | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in the car park in 2007, now well established there. | ||||||
Oxalidaceae | ||||||
Procumbent Yellow Sorrel | Oxalis corniculata | b | ||||
Discovered in 1995 growing on the estuary bank, also around golf course buildings, still present. | ||||||
Pink Sorrel | Oxalis articulata | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered by the 6th Tee, still present, also in Buffer Zone, by 7th green and railway. | ||||||
[Sorrel sp.] | Oxalis sp. | b | ||||
Discovered
on the Golf Course, did not flower, but neither of the above species |
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Euphorbiaceae | ||||||
Annual Mercury | Mercuralis annua | |||||
Purple Spurge | Euphorbia peplis | |||||
Extinct in the UK. This species was recorded 'in abundance near Exmouth' before 1778, at the base of the Warren before 1794 and Exmouth Sands in 1829. The Warren was known as Exmouth Sands or Exmouth Warren at this time. | ||||||
Mediterranean Spurge | Euphorbia characias | |||||
Widely planted, the first self seeded plant away from beds was noted in Apr 2021. | ||||||
Sun Spurge | Euphorbia helioscopia | b | b | b | ||
Caper Spurge | Euphorbia lathyrus | b | b | |||
A single seedling grew up above the tideline in Soft Sand Bay in 1997. A flowering plant and several seedlings were discovered by the amusement park in 2004 with occasional reappearances. | ||||||
Dwarf Spurge | Euphorbia exigua | |||||
Petty Spurge | Euphorbia peplus | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered in 1995 in dunes near the Bight. Now occurs around the Car Park and Amusements. | ||||||
Portland Spurge | Euphorbia portlandica | b | b | b | ||
(c) Andrew Cunningham | ||||||
Sea Spurge | Euphorbia paralias | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. Only found on Warren Point. | ||||||
Salicaceae | ||||||
White Poplar | Populus alba | b | b | b | ||
Scattered in areas outside around the Car Park & seawall. | ||||||
Lombardy Poplar | Populus nigra 'italica' | b | b | |||
Discovered in the ditches in the car park in 2006, now well established there. | ||||||
Crack-willow | Salix fragilis | b | b | |||
Common Osier | Salix viminalis | b | b | |||
A single tree on Warren Point. | ||||||
Goat Willow | Salix caprea | b | b | |||
Grey Willow | Salix cinerea | b | b | b | b | |
Eared Willow | Salix aurita | ? | ||||
Creeping Willow | Salix repens | b | b | |||
Single plants in Greenland
Lake and VC slack. |
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Violaceae | ||||||
Sweet Violet | Viola odorata | b | b | b | ||
Discovered near the railway platform in 1995, but lost. Rediscovered near the Visitor Centre in 2011 and Amusements in 2016. Still present and spreading in both locations. | ||||||
Common Dog-violet | Viola riviniana | b | b | |||
Rediscovered at the eastern end of Greenland
Lake around 2000. |
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Early Dog-violet | Viola reichenbachiana | b | ||||
Discovered in Greenland Lake in 2005. | ||||||
Heath Dog-violet | Viola canina | b | b | |||
Near Threatened. Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
[Wild Pansy] | Viola tricolor | |||||
Old records are now considered to be best assessed as V.arvensis. | ||||||
Field Pansy | Viola arvensis | b | b | |||
Garden Pansy | Viola × wittrockiana | |||||
Discovered around The Boathouse in 2019. | ||||||
Linaceae |
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Pale Flax | Linum bienne | |||||
Fairy Flax | Linum cartharticum | b | b | |||
Rediscovered growing in the drier areas of
Greenland Lake. |
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All-seed | Radiola linoides | b | ||||
Near Threatened in UK. Rare in Devon. Native. Was present in a Golf Course ditch until late 1990s but was lost when the ditch was covered. | ||||||
Hypericaceae |
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Rose-of-Sharon | Hypericum calycinum | b | ||||
Found in Soft Sand Bay in 2019, still present. | ||||||
Tutsan | Hypericum androsaemum | b | b | |||
Discovered behind the Toilet Block in 2009. No longer present but found on railway embankment in 2022. | ||||||
Perforate St. John’s-wort | Hypericum perforatum | b | b | b | ||
Des Etangs' St John's-wort | Hypericum x desetangii | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Discovered in the Car Park and on Warren Point in 2009. The hybrid between Perforate and Imperforate St. John's-wort. The latter has not been recorded at the Warren. | ||||||
Square-stalked St. John’s-wort | Hypericum tetrapterum | b | b | |||
Trailing St John's-wort | Hypericum humifusum | b | ||||
Discovered in June 2006, in the damp slack near the Visitor Centre. | ||||||
Pale St. John’s-wort | Hypericum montanum | b | ||||
Discovered in the mid 1990s. No longer present. | ||||||
Geraniaceae | ||||||
Round-leaved Crane’s-bill | Geranium rotundifolium | b | b | b | ||
Cut-leaved Crane’s-bill | Geranium dissectum | b | b | |||
Small-flowered Crane’s-bill | Geranium pusillum | b | b | |||
Dove’s-foot Crane’s-bill | Geranium molle | b | b | |||
Shining Crane’s-bill | Geranium lucidum | b | b | b | ||
Discovered growing on the Dune Ridge overlooking the Bight in 1994, has spread extensively. | ||||||
Herb-Robert | Geranium robertianum | b | b | b | b | |
Sea Stork’s-bill | Erodium maritimum | b | b | |||
Musk Stork’s-bill | Erodium moschatum | b | b | b | ||
Common Stork’s-bill | Erodium cicutarium cicutarium | b | b | b | b | |
Species present on site but no attempt has been made to check subspecific status. | Erodium cicutarium dunense | |||||
A hybrid Stork's-bill | Erodium x anaristatum | b | ||||
Very rare in
Devon. Recorded in 1998. The
hybrid between Common and Sticky Stork's-bill.
|
||||||
Sticky Stork’s-bill | Erodium lebelii | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Lythraceae |
||||||
Purple-loosestrife | Lythrum salicaria | b | b | |||
Onagraceae | ||||||
Great Willowherb | Epilobium hirsutum | b | b | |||
Hoary Willowherb | Epilobium parviflorum | |||||
Broad-leaved Willowherb | Epilobium montanum | b | b | |||
Spear-leaved Willowherb | Epilobium lanceolatum | |||||
Square-stalked Willowherb | Epilobium tetragonum | |||||
Short-fruited Willowherb | Epilobium obscurum | b | b | |||
First recorded in June 2009. | ||||||
Marsh Willowherb | Epilobium palustre | b | b | |||
First recorded in June 2009. | ||||||
Rosebay Willowherb | Chamerion angustifolium | b | b | b | b | |
Large-flowered Evening Primrose | Oenothera glazioviana | b | b | b | b | |
Common Evening Primrose | Oenothera biennis | b | ||||
Discovered on Warren Point in August 2009 and the Railway Embankment in 2021. | ||||||
Fragrant Evening Primrose | Oenothera stricta | b | b | b | b | |
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
(c) Phil Pullen | ||||||
Fuchsia | Fuchsia magellanica | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced, found growing along the railway line in 2020. | ||||||
Sapindaceae | ||||||
Field Maple | Acer campestris | b | b | |||
Discovered growing on the railway embankment, surviving frequent coppicing. | ||||||
Sycamore | Acer pseudoplatanus | b | b | b | b | |
Several mature trees supporting important lichen communities survive on Warren Point and Cuckoo's Nest. | ||||||
Malvaceae | ||||||
Musk-mallow | Malva moschata | b | b | |||
Rediscovered by the Railway station in 2005-2019. | ||||||
Common Mallow | Malva sylvestris | b | b | |||
Tree-mallow | Malva arborea | b | b | |||
Tropaeolaceae |
||||||
Nasturtium | Tropaeolum majus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Resedaceae | ||||||
Weld | Reseda luteola | b | b | b | b | |
Brassicaceae | ||||||
Wallflower | Erysimum cheiri | |||||
Thale Cress | Arabidopis thaliana | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in the Car Park in 1997, still present, also around 18th green on Golf Course. | ||||||
Shepherd’s Purse | Capsella bursa-pastoris | b | b | b | b | |
American Wintercress | Barbarea verna | b | b | |||
Discovered in the mid 1990s on the Golf Course. | ||||||
[Wintercress sp.] | Barbarea sp. | ? | ||||
Horse-radish | Armoracia rusticana | b | ||||
Not seen recently. | ||||||
Cuckoo-flower | Cardamine pratensis | b | b | |||
Much reduced by mowing but attempts to survive in wetter areas. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley |
||||||
Wavy Bittercress | Cardamine flexuosa | b | b | |||
Hairy Bittercress | Cardamine hirsuta | b | b | b | b | |
Smith’s Pepperwort | Lepidium heterophyllum | b | b | |||
Lesser Swinecress | Lepidum didymum | b | b | b | ||
Honesty | Lunaria annua | b | b | |||
Sweet Alison | Lobularia maritima | b | ||||
Rediscovered near the amusements in 2016. Found on the Golf Course in 2020 and removed. | ||||||
Hairy Rock-cress | Arabis hirsuta | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. Discovered growing along the Back Path in 1995, has not been recorded since. | ||||||
Common Whitlowgrass | Erophila verna verna | b | b | b | ||
Species present on site but no recent attempt has been made to check subspecific status. | Erophila verna praecox | |||||
Annual Wall-rocket | Diplotaxis muralis | b | ||||
Discovered on disturbed ground near the Visitor Centre in 2011. | ||||||
Rape | Brassica napus | |||||
Black Mustard | Brassica nigra | b | b | |||
Charlock | Sinapis arvensis | b | b | b | b | |
Wallflower Cabbage | Brassica cheiranthos | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Introduced. Last recorded at the Warren in 1928. | ||||||
Sea Rocket | Cakile maritima | b | b | b | ||
Sea-kale | Crambe maritima | b | ||||
Previously along the beach, lost to erosion. Has been planted by the Amusements. | ||||||
Wild Radish | Raphanus raphanistrum raphanistrum | b | b | b | ||
Sea Radish | Raphanus r. maritimus | b | b | b | ||
Eastern Rocket | Sisymbrium orientale | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Hedge Mustard | Sisymbrium officinale | b | b | b | ||
Garlic Mustard | Alliaria petiolata | b | b | |||
Most frequent around the Car Park and Tractor Compound. | ||||||
Shepherd’s Cress | Teesdalia nudicaulis | b | b | |||
Field Penny-cress | Thlaspi arvense | b | b | |||
English Scurvy-grass | Cochlearia anglica | b | b | b | ||
Recorded at the top of the saltmarsh. | ||||||
Common Scurvy-grass | Cochlearia officinalis | |||||
Previously recorded but some confusion over records and no recent sign. | ||||||
Danish Scurvy-grass | Cochlearia danica | b | b | b | ||
Frequent around Langstone Rock and the seawall. | ||||||
Tamaricaceae | ||||||
Tamarisk | Tamarix tetrandra | b | b | b | ||
Plumbaginaceae |
||||||
Common Sea-lavender | Limonium vulgare | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Rock Sea-lavender | Limonium binervosum agg. | b | b | |||
Present on Langstone Rock but lost from the Warren. No details on subspecies. | ||||||
Thrift | Armeria maritima | b | b | b | ||
Polygonaceae | ||||||
Amphibious Persicaria | Persicaria amphibia | b | ||||
Discovered in the Main Pond in 2017, also present on the Golf Course | ||||||
Redshank | Polygonum persicaria | b | b | b | ||
Pale Persicaria | Persicaria lapathifolia | b | b | |||
Discovered in new ponds on the Golf Course in 2009. | ||||||
Water-pepper | Polygonum hydropiper | |||||
Sea Knotgrass | Polygonum maritimum | |||||
Nationally Rare. Extinct in Devon. Last recorded in 1915. | ||||||
Ray’s Knotgrass | Polygonum oxyspermum | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Rediscovered on the Golf Course in 2007 but didn't persist. | ||||||
Knotgrass | Polygonum aviculare | b | b | b | ||
Equal-leaved Knotgrass | Polygonum arenastrum | |||||
Japanese Knotweed | Fallopia japonica | b | b | |||
The Recording Group have removed stands from the Golf Course and along the Back Path, and are currently working on a population by the railway line. | ||||||
Black Bindweed | Fallopia convolvulus | b | b | |||
Discovered in a Car Park flowerbed in 2009 only. Plants became established on Warren Point following the beach recharge in 2017 and found on the Golf Course in 2020. | ||||||
Sheep’s Sorrel | Rumex acetosella | b | b | b | b | |
Common Sorrel | Rumex acetosa | b | b | |||
Curled Dock | Rumex crispus | b | b | b | ||
Clustered Dock | Rumex conglomerates | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in 2009. | ||||||
Wood Dock | Rumex sanguineus | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in 2009. | ||||||
Broad-leaved Dock | Rumex obtusifolius | b | b | b | b | |
Caryopyllaceae | ||||||
Thyme-leaved Sandwort | Arenaria serpyllofolia | b | b | b | ||
Slender Sandwort | Arenaria leptoclados | b | ||||
Rediscovered on Warren Point in 2009. | ||||||
Sea Sandwort | Honkenya peploides | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. Frequent around the shores of the Bight. | ||||||
Common Chickweed | Stellaria media | b | b | b | b | |
Lesser Chickweed | Stellaria pallida | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Greater Stitchwort | Stellaria holostea | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in the Car Park in 2009 and still present. | ||||||
Lesser Stitchwort | Stellaria graminea | |||||
Rediscovered on the Golf Course in June 2021. | ||||||
Snow-in-summer | Cerastium tomentosum | |||||
Rediscovered in the Buffer Zone in 2019 only. | ||||||
Common Mouse-ear | Cerastium fontanum | b | b | b | b | |
Sticky Mouse-ear | Cerastium glomeratum | b | b | |||
(c) Steve Cox | ||||||
Sea Mouse-ear | Cerastium diffusum | b | b | b | ||
Little Mouse-ear | Cerastium semidecandrum | b | b | |||
Upright Chickweed | Moenchia erecta | b | b | |||
Present in south facing areas on short fixed dune grassland. | ||||||
(c) Steve Cox | ||||||
Procumbent Pearlwort | Sagina procumbens | b | b | b | ||
Heath Pearlwort | Sagina subulata | |||||
Annual Pearlwort | Sagina apetala | b | ||||
Slender Pearlwort | Sagina filicaulis | b | ||||
Recorded in 1994. | ||||||
Sea Pearlwort | Sagina maritima | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered in Greenland Lake in 1995. Also grows near the seawall. | ||||||
Annual Knawel | Scleranthus annuus | |||||
Endangered. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Corn Spurrey | Spergula arvensis | |||||
Sand Spurrey | Spergula rubra | b | b | b | ||
Greater Sea-spurrey | Spergula media | b | b | b | ||
Lesser Sea-spurrey | Spergula marina | b | b | |||
Corncockle | Agrostemma githago | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. Five plants flowered by the Main Pond in 2008 following Bramble clearance. | ||||||
Bladder Campion | Silene vulgaris | b | b | |||
Sea Campion | Silene uniflora | b | b | b | b | |
a hybrid Campion | Silene vulgaris x uniflora | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Recorded in 1997. | ||||||
White Campion | Silene alba | b | b | b | ||
Pink Campion | Silene x hampeans | b | b | |||
The hybrid between Red and White Campion. | ||||||
Red Campion | Silene dioica | b | b | b | b | |
Small-flowered Catchfly | Silene gallica | |||||
Rose Campion | Silene coronaria | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered near the Cuckoo's Nest in 2004, still present and increasing. | ||||||
Ragged Robin | Lynchnis flos-cuculi | b | b | |||
Much declined but two large patches in Greenland Lake and also on islands in the Main Pond. | ||||||
[Maiden Pink] | Dianthus deltoids | |||||
Previous records are considered errors. Whatever they were no doubt they were a species as yet recorded on the Warren, and perhaps a garden escape. | ||||||
Carnation | Dianthus caryophyllus | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Surviving from material fly-tipped in the Car Park in 2018. | ||||||
Sweet William | Dianthus barbatus | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered along the Back Path above Greenland Lake, in 2006 only. | ||||||
Amaranthaceae |
||||||
Good-King-Henry | Chenopodium bonus-henricus | b | ||||
Vulnerable in UK. Rare in Devon. Archaeophyte.
Recorded growing on the Golf Course in
1995, 2007, 2009 & 2020. |
||||||
Oak-leaved Goosefoot | Chenopodium glaucum | |||||
Nationally Scarce. Vulnerable in UK. Very rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. Last recorded in 1952. | ||||||
Red Goosefoot | Chenopodium rubrum | |||||
Fat-hen | Chenopodium album | b | b | b | b | |
Spear-leaved Orache | Atriplex prostrata | b | b | |||
A hybrid Orache | Atriplex prostrata x A. glabriuscula | |||||
Babington’s Orache | Atriplex glabriuscula | b | b | |||
|
||||||
Common Orache | Atriplex patula | |||||
[Grass-leaved Orache] | Atriplex littoralis | |||||
Very rare in the south west. Older records not supported by specimens so are no longer considered proven. | ||||||
Frosted Orache | Atriplex laciniata | b | b | b | ||
|
||||||
Shrubby Purslane | Atriplex halimus | b | b | |||
Very r |
||||||
Sea Purslane | Atriplex portulacoides | b | b | b | ||
Occurs at the top edge of the Saltmarsh. | ||||||
Sea Beet | Beta vulgaris maritma | b | b | b | b | |
Perennial Glasswort | Sarcocornia perrenis | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
One-flowered Glasswort | Salicornia pusilla | b | ||||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded in 1997. | ||||||
A hybrid Glasswort | Salcornia pusilla x S. ramosissima | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Recorded in 1916. | ||||||
Purple Glasswort | Salicornia ramosissima | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Common Glasswort | Salcornia europaea | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Long-spiked Glasswort | Salicornia dolichostachya | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded in 1998. | ||||||
Annual Sea-blite | Suaeda maritima | b | b | b | ||
Nationally Scarce. At the top end of the saltmarsh and around the Bight. | ||||||
Prickly Saltwort | Salsola kali | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. Present in areas of embryo dune, a much reduced habitat. | ||||||
Aizocaceae | ||||||
Hottentot Fig | Carpobrotus edulis | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Still occurs on cliffs south of Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Montiaceae | ||||||
Blinks | Montia fontana | b | b | |||
Cornaceae | ||||||
Dogwood | Cornus sanguinea | b | b | b | ||
A patch on Warren Point with other plants around the Buffer Zone and station. | ||||||
Primulaceae |
||||||
Primrose | Primula vulgaris | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in 1995. |
||||||
Hybrid Primrose | Primula x polyantha | |||||
Several garden escapes at Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Cowslip | Primula veris | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in the Back Meadow in 2005, lost around 2012. | ||||||
(c) John Lee | ||||||
Sea-milkwort | Glaux maritima | b | b | b | b | |
Scarlet Pimpernel | Anagallis arvensis | b | b | b | b | |
Chaffweed | Anagallis minima | |||||
Near Threatened in UK. Rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded c1992. Rediscovered near the VC in 2019. | ||||||
Sowbread | Cyclamen hederifolium | b | ||||
Slowly spreading from planted stock near Go Karts. | ||||||
Brookweed | Samolus valerandi | b | b | |||
Found largely in seasonally flooded areas of Greenland Lake and Golf Course ditches.. | ||||||
Ericaceae | ||||||
Heather/Ling | Calluna vulgaris | b | b | |||
Improved management is increasing the cover on the Golf Course roughs | ||||||
Cross-leaved Heath | Erica tetralix | |||||
Bell Heather | Erica cinerea | b | b | |||
Improved management is increasing the cover on the Golf Course roughs and it is also spreading near the Visitor Centre. | ||||||
Rubiaceae | ||||||
Field Madder | Sherardia arvensis | b | ||||
Rediscovered in 1995 growing on the estuary bank, unfortunately the site was washed away. Rediscovered again on the edge of the Buffer Zone in 2005. | ||||||
Common Marsh-bedstraw | Galium palustre | b | b | |||
Ladies Bedstraw | Galium verum | b | b | b | ||
Hedge Bedstraw | Galium album | b | b | |||
Heath Bedstraw | Galium saxatile | |||||
Cleavers | Galium aparine | b | b | b | ||
Wall Bedstraw | Galium parisense | b | b | b | ||
Nationally Scarce. Vulnerable in UK. Rare in Devon. Native. Discovered in 2002 on the track past the Visitor Centre, increasing. | ||||||
Crosswort | Galium cruciata | b | b | b | ||
Wild Madder | Rubia peregrina | b | b | b | b | |
Gentianaceae | ||||||
Common Centaury | Centaurium erythraea | b | b | b | b | |
Lesser Centaury | Centaurium pulchellum | b | b | |||
Another species of seasonally flooded areas. | ||||||
Yellow-wort | Blackstonia perfoliata | |||||
Apocynaceae | ||||||
Greater Periwinkle | Vinca major | b | b | |||
Discovered on the Golf Course in 1996,
still present. |
||||||
Boraginaceae |
||||||
Field Gromwell | Lithospermum arvense | |||||
Endangered in UK. Very rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. | ||||||
Giant Viper's-bugloss | Echium pininana | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. A single plant established on Warren Point in 2008 but perished in cold weather. | ||||||
Bugloss | Anchusa arvensis | b | b | |||
Green Alkanet | Pentaglottis semipervirens | b | b | b | ||
Common Fiddleneck | Amsinkia micrantha | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Field Forget-me-not | Myosotis arvensis | b | b | b | ||
Early Forget-me-not | Myosotis ramosissima | b | b | b | ||
(c) Mar 19 | ||||||
Changing Forget-me-not | Myosotis discolor | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in the Buffer Zone in 2009. | ||||||
Hound’s-tongue | Cynoglossum officinale | b | b | b | ||
Near Threatened in UK. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Convolvulaceae |
||||||
Field Bindweed | Convolvulus arvensis | b | b | b | ||
Sea Bindweed | Calystegia soldanella | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Hedge Bindweed | Calystegia sepium | b | b | |||
Large Bindweed | Calystegia sylvatica | b | b | b | ||
First recorded in 2007. | ||||||
Cuscutaceae | ||||||
Common Dodder | Cuscuta epithymum | b | ||||
Vulnerable in UK. Rediscovered on the Golf Course in the mid 1990s and again in 2021. | ||||||
Solanaceae | ||||||
Chinese Teaplant | Lycium chinense | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. An old gnarled bush discovered in 2000 on Warren Point, persisting unrecorded from gardens at least 50 years before. Lost to scrub control in 2019. | ||||||
Henbane | Hyoscyamus niger | b | ||||
Vulnerable in UK. Rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. Last recorded c1995. | ||||||
Thorn-apple | Datura stramonium | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Two records. A single plant on the Golf Course in 1994. Three plants were near the Crazy Golf in 2006. | ||||||
(c) Ivan Lakin | ||||||
Black Nightshade | Solanum nigrum | b | b | |||
Green Nightshade | Solanum physalifolium | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded on the Golf Course in 2011. | ||||||
Bittersweet | Solanum dulcamara | b | b | b | b | |
(c) Steve Cox | ||||||
Potato | Solanum tuberosum | |||||
Tomato | Lycopersicon esculentum | b | ||||
Rediscovered when one appeared on the Dune Ridge (and produced fruit) after the beach recharge in 2018. | ||||||
Sweet Tobacco | Nicotiana alata | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Grew in the new Car Park ditch in 2004. | ||||||
Red Tobacco | Nicotiana forgetiana | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Grew
in the Car Park ditch
in 2003. |
||||||
Garden Petunia | Petunia x hybrida | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Found by the Go-karts (x
atkinsiana) and GC Clubhouse (x hybrida) in
2021. |
||||||
((x atkinsiana) c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Oleaceae | ||||||
Winter Jasmine | Jasminum nudiflorum | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Occurs on the Golf Course. | ||||||
Ash | Fraxinus excelsior | b | b | b | ||
Three sizable trees on site with a few saplings, also a host for rare lichens. | ||||||
Wild Privet | Ligustrum vulgare | b | b | |||
Garden Privet | Ligustrum ovalifolium | b | b | b | ||
Occurs on the Golf Course. |
||||||
Veronicaceae | ||||||
Foxglove | Digitalis purpurea | b | b | b | b | |
Heath Speedwell | Veronica officinalis | b | b | |||
Brooklime | Veronica beccabunga | b | b | |||
Thyme-leaved Speedwell | Veronica serpylifolia | b | b | b | ||
Discovered in the Entrance Bushes in 1994 and near the Crazy Golf and the Visitor Centre in April 2009. | ||||||
Ivy-leaved Speedwell | Veronica hederifolia | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in 1994, spp. lucorum. | ||||||
Slender Speedwell | Veronica filliformis | |||||
Grey Field Speedwell | Veronica polita | b | b | |||
Common Field Speedwell | Veronica persica | b | b | b | ||
Germander Speedwell | Veronica chamaedrys | b | b | b | ||
Wall Speedwell | Veronica arvensis | b | b | b | ||
Snapdragon | Antirrhinum majus | |||||
Hedge Veronica | Veronica x franciscana | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Self-seeding around the Beach Huts from planted stock. | ||||||
Ivy-leaved Toadflax | Cymbalaria muralis | b | b | |||
Sharp-leaved Fluellen | Kickxia elatine | b | ||||
Discovered on the Car park Roundabout in August 2009 only. | ||||||
Common Toadflax | Linaria vulgaris | b | b | b | ||
Purple Toadflax | Linaria purpurea | b | b | b | ||
Plantaginaceae | ||||||
Buck’s-horn Plantain | Plantago coronopus | b | b | b | b | |
Sea Plantain | Plantago maritima | b | b | b | ||
Greater Plantain | Plantago major | b | b | b | ||
Ribwort Plantain | Plantago lanceolata | b | b | b | b | |
Hippuridaceae |
||||||
Mare’s-tail | Hippuris vulgaris | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Native but probably introduced to Devon. Present in the Main Pond. | ||||||
Callitricaceae |
||||||
[Water-starwort sp.] | Callitriche sp. | |||||
Scrophulariaceae | ||||||
Great Mullein | Verbascum thapsus | b | b | b | b | |
Dark Mullein | Verbascum nigrum | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. Discovered growing on the Golf Course in
1995, still present. |
||||||
Common Figwort | Scrophularia nodosa | b | b | b | ||
Water Figwort | Scrophularia aquatica | b | b | |||
Discovered growing in the Car Park in 2004. |
||||||
Buddleia | Buddleja davidii | b | b | b | b | |
Lamiaceae |
||||||
Lamb’s-ear | Stachys byzantina | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Spreading from planted material near the go-karts. | ||||||
Hedge Woundwort | Stachys sylvatica | b | b | |||
Marsh Woundwort | Stachys palustris | b | ||||
Rediscovered on Warren Point in 2019 only. | ||||||
Betony | Betonica officinalis | |||||
Black Horehound | Ballota nigra | b | b | b | ||
Motherwort | Leonurus caradiaca | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
White Dead-nettle | Lamium album | b | b | |||
Surprisingly rare on site, no recent records. | ||||||
Red Dead-nettle | Lamium purpureum | b | b | b | b | |
Cut-leaved Dead-nettle | Lamium hybridum | b | ||||
Discovered growing alongside the Back Path in late 1990s but lost by 2010. | ||||||
(c) Ivan Lakin |
||||||
Henbit | Lamium amplexicaule | b | b | |||
Skullcap | Scutellaria galericulata | b | b | |||
Wood Sage | Teucrium scorodonia | b | b | b | b | |
Bugle | Ajuga reptans | b | b | |||
Ground-ivy | Glechoma hederacea | b | b | b | ||
Selfheal | Prunella vulgaris | b | b | |||
Wild Basil | Clinopodium vulgare | b | b | |||
Marjoram | Origanum vulgare | b | b | |||
Wild Thyme | Thymus polytrichus | b | b | b | ||
Gypsywort | Lycopus europaeus | b | b | |||
(c) Steve Cox | ||||||
Corn Mint | Mentha arvensis | b | ||||
Discovered on the Golf Course in 1997, did not persist. | ||||||
Water Mint | Mentha aquatica | b | b | |||
Spear Mint | Mentha spicata | b | ||||
Rediscovered in the mid 1990s and again in 2021. | ||||||
Round-leaved Mint | Mentha suaveolens | b | ||||
Nationally scarce.
Native. Discovered on the Golf Course in 1995. |
||||||
Pennyroyal | Mentha pulegium | b | b | |||
Endangered in UK. Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. Discovered on Warren Point in 1998 but lost in a fire in 2007. Translocated plants survived at four locations on site and also spread to new areas. Unfortunately now extinct, the last known population was destroyed without planning permission to provide a parking area. | ||||||
(c) Ivan Lakin | ||||||
Rosemary | Rosmarinus officinalis | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. A small bush near the Amusements in 2018-19, presumably self seeded from on site planting. | ||||||
Orobanchaceae |
||||||
Eyebright | Euphrasia officinalis agg. | b | b | b | ||
English Eyebright | Euphrasia officinalis anglica | b | ||||
Western Eyebright | Euphrasia tetraquetra | ? | ||||
A hybrid Eyebright | Euphrasia tetraquetra x confusa | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Red Bartsia | Odontites verna | b | b | |||
Discovered in Wryneck Plain in August 2007, now widespread. | ||||||
(c) Lee Collins | ||||||
Yellow Bartsia | Parentucellia viscosa | b | b | |||
Yellow Rattle | Rhinanthus minor agg. | b | b | |||
Ivy Broomrape | Orobanche hederae | b | b | |||
Previously grew on the entrance roundabout but was lost with a change in council planting. Refound elsewhere on natural Ivy around the Car Park in 2016-18. Reappeared in 2022. | ||||||
Aquifoliaceae |
||||||
Holly | Ilex aquifolium | b | b | |||
Campanulacaeae | ||||||
Spreading Bellflower | Campanula patula | |||||
Nationally Scarce. Extinct in Devon. Recorded as casual on Exmouth Warren in 1872. | ||||||
Trailing Bellflower | Campanula poscharskyana | b | b | |||
Discovered near the Boathouse in 2009. | ||||||
Garden Lobelia | Lobelia erinus | b | ||||
Discovered growing near the Amusements in 2008 and on the Golf Course in 2020. | ||||||
Asteraceae | ||||||
Carline Thistle | Carlina vulgaris | b | b | |||
Established on the Dune Ridge. |
||||||
Great Burdock | Arctium lappa | |||||
Lesser Burdock | Arctium minus | b | b | b | ||
spp minus recorded in 1994. | ||||||
Slender Thistle | Carduus tenuiflorus | b | b | |||
Welted Thistle | Carduus acanthoides | |||||
Musk Thistle | Carduus nutans | b | b | |||
Spear Thistle | Cirsium vulgare | b | b | b | b | |
Dwarf Thistle | Cirsium acaula | |||||
Last recorded in 1936. | ||||||
Marsh Thistle | Cirsium palustre | b | b | b | ||
Creeping Thistle | Cirsium arvense | b | b | b | b | |
Cotton Thistle | Onopordum acanthium | b | b | b | ||
Very rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. Present around the Go-karts, often cut down before flowering. | ||||||
Milk Thistle | Silybum marianum | |||||
Rare in Devon. Archaeophyte. | ||||||
Greater Knapweed | Centaurea scabiosa | b | b | |||
Grows around Langstone Rock and railway. | ||||||
Lesser Knapweed | Centaurea nigra | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in the Entrance bushes in 2006. Lost to mowing, but refound on the Golf Course in 2020. | ||||||
Red Star-thistle | Centaurea calcitrapa | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Archaeophyte. Recorded on Exmouth Sands (an old name for the Warren) before 1829. | ||||||
Nipplewort | Lapsana communis | b | b | b | b | |
Common Cat’s-ear | Hypochaeris radicata | b | b | b | ||
Smooth Cat’s–ear | Hypochaeris glabra | b | b | |||
Vulnerable in UK. Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Autumnal Hawkbit | Leontodon autumnalis | b | b | b | ||
Lesser Hawkbit | Leontodon saxatilis | b | b | b | b | |
Hawkweed Oxtongue | Picris hieracioides | b | b | |||
Discovered on the estuary railway embankment in 2009. | ||||||
Bristly Oxtongue | Helminthotheca echioides | b | b | b | ||
Goat’s-beard | Tragopogon pratensis | b | b | |||
Salsify | Tragopogon porrifolius | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded in 1926. | ||||||
Perennial Sow-thistle | Sonchus arvensis | b | b | |||
Smooth Sow-thistle | Sonchus oleraceus | b | b | b | ||
Prickly Sow-thistle | Sonchus asper | b | b | b | ||
Prickly Lettuce | Lactuca serriola | b | b | |||
Discovered on the Golf Course in 2009. | ||||||
Great Lettuce | Lactuca virosa | b | b | |||
Discovered on the estuary railway embankment in 2009. | ||||||
Dandelion | Taraxacum officinale agg | b | b | b | b | |
This group requires further study on the Warren, recent work by Phil Pullen has uncovered several rare species although many common species remain unrecorded. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum lacistophyllum | b | ||||
Recorded in 1994 & 2021. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum pseudohamatum | |||||
First recorded in 2022. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum brachyglossum | b | ||||
- | Taraxacum rubicundum | b | ||||
Recorded in 1914 and 1994. | ||||||
Many-toothed Dandelion | Taraxacum glauciniforme | |||||
First recorded in May 2022. Only South Devon location. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum haworthianum | |||||
A sand dune species, recorded from Dawlish in 1912. Very likely to have been from the Warren. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum oxoniense | |||||
- | Taraxacum degelii | |||||
A sand dune species. First recorded in Apr 2021. Only South Devon location for this rare endemic. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum fulviforme | |||||
A sand dune species, recorded from Dawlish in 1889. Very likely to have been from the Warren. | ||||||
- | Taraxacum nordstedtii | b | ||||
Rough Hawk’s-beard | Crepis biennis | |||||
Very Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Smooth Hawk’s-beard | Crepis capillaries | |||||
Beaked Hawk’s-beard | Crepis vesicaria | b | b | |||
Common Mouse-ear Hawkweed | Pilosella officinarum | b | b | |||
Fox-and-cubs | Pilosella aurantiaca | b | ||||
Found in the Amusements Park in 2019 only. | ||||||
Common Cudweed | Filago vulgaris | |||||
Near Threatened in UK. Rediscovered near the Crazy Golf in 2020 only. | ||||||
Small Cudweed | Filago minima | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Marsh Cudweed | Gnaphalium uliginosum | b | b | |||
Ploughman’s-spikenard | Inula conyza | b | b | |||
Found on Warren Point in 1995 and still present on site occasionally. | ||||||
Common Fleabane | Pulicaria dysenterica | b | b | b | ||
Goldenrod | Solidago virgaurea | b | ||||
Rediscovered on Warren Point in 1997. | ||||||
Canadian Goldenrod | Solidago canadensis | b | ||||
Discovered near the Railway station in 1997. Refound in the Buffer Zone in 2021. | ||||||
Late Michaelmas Daisy | Aster x versicolor | b | b | |||
The hybrid of A. laevis x A. novi-belgii. | ||||||
Confused Michaelmas Daisy | Aster novi-belgii | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Common Michaelmas Daisy | Aster x salingnus | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced.
The
hybrid of
A. lanceolatus x A. novi-belgii.
This group is spreading on site and
swamping many native species. |
||||||
Sea Aster | Aster tripolium | b | b | b | ||
Present in the upper saltmarsh. The rayless var. discoidea was recorded in 2021. | ||||||
Seaside Daisy | Erigeron glaucus | b | ||||
Found growing on Warren Point in 2004. | ||||||
Mexican Fleabane | Erigeron karvinskianus | b | b | |||
Found near the Cuckoo's Nest in 2003, despite initial removal it is still present and increasing. | ||||||
Blue Fleabane | Erigeron acer | b | b | |||
Rediscovered on the Dune Ridge and Warren Point in 2007. | ||||||
Guernsey Fleabane | Erigeron sumatrensis | b | b | b | b | |
Discovered on Warren Point in 1997, and now widespread. | ||||||
(c) Phil Pullen | ||||||
Daisy | Bellis perrenis | b | b | b | b | |
Feverfew | Tanacetum parthenium | b | b | |||
Occasionally appearances, most recently in the Buffer Zone in 2018. | ||||||
Tansy | Tanacetum vulgare | b | b | |||
Mugwort | Artemisia vulgaris | b | b | b | ||
Yarrow | Achillea millefolium | b | b | b | b | |
Sicilian Chamomile | Anthemis punctata | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered growing on Warren Point in 2006. Still present. | ||||||
Oxeye Daisy | Leucanthemum vulgare | b | b | |||
Shasta Daisy | Leucanthemum x superbum | b | b | |||
Discovered near Langstone Rock in the late 1990s, still present. | ||||||
Pineappleweed | Matricaria discoidea | b | b | b | ||
Sea Mayweed | Tripleurospermum maritmum | b | b | b | b | |
Scentless Mayweed | Tripleurospermum inodorum | b | b | b | b | |
Common Ragwort | Senecio jacobaea | b | b | b | b | |
Much reduced due to pulling, Still common on Warren Point where fortunately not controlled. | ||||||
Marsh Ragwort | Senecio aquaticus | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in Greenland Lake in 2007.Still present in low numbers although occasionally pulled. | ||||||
Hoary Ragwort | Senecio erucifolius | |||||
Narrow-leaved Ragwort | Senecio inaeqidens | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Two plants on Warren Point in 2018 only were the fourth county record. | ||||||
Oxford Ragwort | Senecio squalidus | b | b | |||
Groundsel | Senecio vulgaris | b | b | b | b | |
Heath Groundsel | Senecio sylvaticus | b | b | |||
Shrub Ragwort | Brachyglottis x jubar | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. The garden variety 'Sunshine' was rediscovered by the Beach Huts in 2019. Presumably self seeded from plantings. | ||||||
Coltsfoot | Tussilago farfara | b | b | |||
Winter Heliotrope | Perasites fragrans | b | b | |||
Discovered in 1996 growing on the Golf Course, still present and increasing. | ||||||
Pot Marigold | Calendula officinalis | b | ||||
Discovered growing in the Car Park in 1994-96. Also by the Beach huts in 2008 and railway in 2022. | ||||||
Sunflower | Helianthus annuus | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Only recent records are tideline plants in the Bight in 2005 and three on Warren Point in 2021. | ||||||
Hemp Agrimony | Eupatorium cannabinum | b | b | b | b | |
Several good patches, although one of the best by the Dune Pond was removed by spraying. | ||||||
(c) Simon Thurgood | ||||||
Caprifoliaceae | ||||||
Elder | Sambucus nigra | b | b | b | b | |
Guelder-rose | Viburnum opulus | b | b | |||
A single, long established bush in Greenland Lake. | ||||||
Laurustinus | Viburnum tinus | b | b | |||
A single bush discovered on Warren Point in 2009, present until 2021 when the area was washed away. Also planted by the railway. | ||||||
Himalayan Honeysuckle |
Leycesteria formosa | b | b | |||
Discovered on Warren Point in 2001,
still present. |
||||||
Honeysuckle | Lonicera periclymenum | b | b | b | ||
Valerianaceae |
||||||
Cornsalad | Valerianella locusta | b | b | b | b | |
Keeled-fruited Cornsalad | Valerianella carinata | b | ||||
Discovered growing by the tractor compound and elsewhere in 1994 | ||||||
Red Valerian | Centranthus ruber | b | b | b | b | |
Dipsacaceae | ||||||
Teasel | Dipsacus fullonum | b | b | b | ||
Devil’s-bit Scabious | Succisa pratensis | b | b | |||
Rediscovered in Greenland Lake in 1997
and then again in 2019 only. |
||||||
Small Scabious | Scabiosa columbaria | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Araliaceae |
||||||
Atlantic Ivy | Hedera hibernica | b | b | b | ||
Hydrocotylaceae | ||||||
Marsh Pennywort | Hydrocotyle vulgaris | b | b | |||
Apiaceae | ||||||
Sanicle | Sanicula europaea | b | ||||
Recorded in the Entrance Bushes in 1994 only. | ||||||
Blue Eryngo | Eryngium planum | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded between 1953 and 1958. Rediscovered by the beach huts in 2018, presumably self seeded from planted stock around the Crazy Golf. | ||||||
Sea-holly | Eryngium maritimum | b | b | |||
The plant introduced to the Buffer Zone is long gone but it has naturally returned to Warren Point with up to 35 plants recorded. Recent storms however continue to reduce the habitat and population. | ||||||
(c) Simon Thurgood | ||||||
Rough Chervil | Chaerophyllum temulentum | |||||
Cow Parsley | Anthriscus sylvestris | b | b | |||
Rare on site with occasional records. | ||||||
Bur Chervil | Anthriscus caucalis | b | b | b | ||
Alexanders | Smyrnium olusatrum | b | b | b | ||
Increasing around the landward end of the spit. | ||||||
Ground-elder | Aegopodium podagraria | b | b | |||
Rock Samphire | Crithmum maritimum | b | b | b | ||
Found along the seawall and the saltmarsh. | ||||||
Corky-fruited Water-dropwort | Oenanthe pimpinelloides | b | b | |||
Present in Greenland Lake in reduced numbers. | ||||||
Parsley Water-dropwort | Oenanthe lachenalii | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. Present in Greenland Lake in reduced numbers. | ||||||
Hemlock Water-dropwort | Oenanthe crocata | b | b | b | ||
Fennel | Foeniculum vulgare | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered in 1994 and still present around the car park. | ||||||
Hemlock | Conium maculatum | b | b | |||
Fool’s Watercress | Apium nodiflorum | |||||
Garden Parsley | Petroselinum crispum | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Stone Parsley | Sison amomum | b | b | b | ||
Rediscovered around the Railway Station in 2009. | ||||||
Wild Angelica | Angelica sylvestris | b | b | |||
Hogweed | Heracleum spondylium | b | b | b | b | |
Knotted Hedge-parsley | Torilis nodosa | |||||
Wild Carrot | Daucus carota | b | b | |||
Araceae | ||||||
Altar-lily | Zantedeschia aethiopica | b | ||||
|
||||||
Lords-and-Ladies | Arum maculatum | b | b | b | ||
Lemnaceae |
||||||
Fat Duckweed | Lemna gibba | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. A vagrant! Occasionally recorded on the tideline after flood events upstream. | ||||||
Common Duckweed | Lemna minor | b | b | |||
Discovered in the First Pond in 1995. Still present. | ||||||
Least Duckweed | Lemna minuta | b | ||||
Recorded in 2002. | ||||||
Ivy-leaved Duckweed | Lemna trisulca | b | b | |||
Recorded in 2002. Still present. | ||||||
Alismataceae | ||||||
Water-plantain | Alisma plantago-aquatica | b | b | |||
Hydrocharitaceae |
||||||
Curly Waterweed | Lagarosiphon major | b | ||||
Juncaginaceae |
||||||
Marsh Arrowgrass | Triglochin palustris | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Sea Arrowgrass | Triglochin maritima | b | b | b | ||
Zosteraceae | ||||||
Common Eelgrass | Zostera marina | b | b | b | ||
Including Z.angustifolia. | ||||||
Dwarf Eelgrass | Zostera noltii | b | ||||
Near Threatened in UK. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Potamogetonaceae | ||||||
Broad-leaved Pondweed | Potamogeton natans | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Main Pond in 1997. |
||||||
Lesser Pondweed | Potamogeton pusillus | b | ||||
Rare in Devon. Native. Recorded in the Main Pond in 2015. | b | |||||
Small Pondweed | Potamogeton berchtoldii | b | ||||
Recorded in the Main Pond in 2002 & 2009. Discovered on the GC in 2021. | ||||||
Dioscoreaceae | ||||||
Black Bryony | Tamus communis | b | b | |||
Rediscovered on the Dune Ridge in the late 1990s. Now only found on the Golf Course and Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Liliaceae |
||||||
Wild Tulip | Tulipa sylvestris | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Garden Tulip | Tulipa gesneriana | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in mid-1990s on edge of car park, still present. | ||||||
Fritillary | Fritillaria meleagris | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Rediscovered near the Main Pond in 2003. Still present, also in Greenland Lake. | ||||||
Asiatic Lily | Lilium longiforum cult. | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered by Langstone Rock in June 2022. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Orchidaceae | ||||||
Marsh Helleborine | Epipactis palustris | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. Increasing in Greenland Lake and VC Dune Slack. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Common Twayblade | Neottia ovata | b | ||||
Last recorded in Greenland Lake in the mid 1990s. | ||||||
Autumn Lady’s Tresses | Spiranthes spiralis | b | b | b | ||
Another species seemingly on the up in areas of short turf. | ||||||
(c) John Lee | ||||||
Common Spotted Orchid | Dactylorhiza fuchsii | b | ||||
Last recorded in mid 1990s. | ||||||
Southern Marsh Orchid | Dactylorhiza praetermissa | b | b | |||
Numbers in decline but still plentiful in Greenland Lake. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Pyramidal Orchid | Anacamptis pyramidalis | b | b | b | ||
Found growing on the Dune Ridge in 2004, the
first record for 50 years. |
||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Green-winged Orchid | Orchis morio | b | b | |||
Has been recorded from four locations, but now lost. Found in two new locations on the Golf Course in 2020 only and on Warren Point on 2022. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Bee Orchid | Ophrys apifera | b | ||||
First recorded near the Dune Pond in 2016, with an increase to 36 flowering plants in 2019. | ||||||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Iridaceae | ||||||
American Blue-eyed-grass | Sisyrinchium montanum | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon.
Introduced. Previously wrongly referred to as S. bermudiana. |
||||||
(c) Sylvia Simmonds | ||||||
Pale Yellow-eyed-grass | Sisyrinchium striatum | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. By the Main Pond in 2004 only. | ||||||
Bearded Iris | Iris germanica | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in Greenland Lake in 2006. | ||||||
Yellow Flag | Iris pseudacorus | b | b | b | ||
(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Stinking Iris | Iris foetidissima | b | b | b | b | |
Sand (Warren) Crocus | Romulea columnae | b | b | |||
Nationally Rare. Vulnerable in the UK. Very rare in Devon. Native. One of only two UK locations. Widespread on Golf Course fairways and increasing. The population behind the Visitor Centre in the Crocus Compound was transplanted there from the current Car Park location around 1980. Has slowly spread from this area. The population in Greenland Lake is from a later translocation. | ||||||
Spring Crocus | Crocus vernus | |||||
Eastern Gladiolus | Gladiolus communis byzantinus | b | b | |||
Montbretia | Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora | b | b | |||
Increasing patch in the Buffer Zone. | ||||||
Xanthorrhoeaceae |
||||||
Red-hot-poker | Kniphofia uvaria | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered by the car park in 2016 having spread from planted stock. | ||||||
Alliaceae | ||||||
Three Cornered Leek | Allium triquetrum | b | b | b | ||
Discovered in 2006 near the Go-Kart Track, slowly spreading. | ||||||
Ramsons | Allium ursinum | |||||
Wild Onion | Allium vineale | b | b | b | ||
Spring Starflower | Tristagma uniflorum | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in Mar 2021 above the 18th green. | ||||||
Jersey Lily | Amaryllis belladonna | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Only Devon site. Discovered on the Dune Ridge in 2014. Lost to the sea defence work but rediscovered on Warren Point in 2019. | ||||||
(C) Lee Collins | ||||||
Summer Snowflake | Leucojum aestivum spp. pulchellum | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
a Snowdrop | Galanthus nivalis | b | ||||
Discovered at the eastern end of the Buffer Zone in 2005. | ||||||
a Snowdrop | Galanthus pilcatus | |||||
Discovered on the Golf Course in Feb 2021. Presumably long planted. | ||||||
Primrose-peerless | Narcissus x medioluteus | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Last recorded before 1844. Rediscovered in 2010 and still present on site. | ||||||
Pheasant's-eye Daffodil | Narcissus poeticus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Last recorded before 1842. Still present on the Golf Course in 2022, | ||||||
None-such Daffodil | Narcissus x incomparabilis | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. The hybrid of Narcissus poeticus x N. pseudonarcissus. | ||||||
Daffodil | Narcissus pseudonarcissus | b | b | b | ||
Many varieties but much reduced due to removal, a loss of social & cultural history and early season nectar. | ||||||
Spanish Daffodil | Narcissus hispanicus | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. First recorded in 1994, still present 2014. | ||||||
Bunch-flowered Daffodil | Narcissus tarzetta | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. The Paper White variety was recorded. | ||||||
Sea Daffodil | Pancratium maritimum | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered on Warren Point in 2008. One of only four sites in the UK. Genetic work is underway to trace the origins of the species at these sites. | ||||||
Asparagaceae | ||||||
Common Star-of-Bethlehem | Ornithogalum umbellatum | b | b | |||
|
||||||
(c) Sylvia Simmonds | ||||||
Spring Squill | Scilla verna | |||||
Autumn Squill | Scilla autumnalis | |||||
Nationally Scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Glory-of-the-snow | Chionodoxa forbesii | b | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered in 1998, no longer present. | ||||||
Bluebell | Hyacinthoides non-scripta | b | b | |||
Hybrid Bluebell | Hyacinthoides x massartiana | b | b | b | ||
The hybrid of Hyacinthoides hispanica x non-scripta. | ||||||
Spanish Bluebell | Hyacinthoides hispanica | b | b | b | ||
Hyacinth | Hyacinthus orientalis | ? | ||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Rediscovered in 2005, a single plant, probably planted, along the Dune Ridge. Several established plants found below the railway platform in March 2021. | ||||||
Garden Grape Hyacinth | Muscari armeniacum | b | b | b | ||
Previously wrongly referred to as M. neglectum. | ||||||
Garden Asparagus | Asparagus officinalis | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. First recorded in 1925. | ||||||
Butcher’s-broom | Ruscus aculeatus | b | b | |||
Discovered in Greenland Lake in 1995 but lost to scrub control. Rediscovered near the First Pond in 2009 where it remains. | ||||||
Curved-leaved Spanish-dagger | Yucca gloriosa var. recurvifolia | b | b | |||
The large plants on Warren Point have been removed but smaller plants still occur occasionally. | ||||||
Cabbage-palm | Cordyline australis | b | b | |||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Discovered along the Dune Ridge in September 2005. Several small plants have since been found elsewhere. | ||||||
Typhaceae |
||||||
Bulrush | Typha latifolia | b | ||||
Juncaceae | ||||||
Jointed Rush | Juncus articulatus | b | b | |||
Sharp-flowered Rush | Juncus acutiflorus | b | ||||
Rediscovered in 2019. | ||||||
Bulbous Rush | Juncus bulbosus | |||||
Sea Rush | Juncus maritimus | b | b | b | ||
Sharp Rush | Juncus acutus | |||||
Nationally scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. Last recorded in 1936. | ||||||
Round-fruited Rush | Juncus compressus | |||||
Near Theatened in UK. Extinct in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Saltmarsh Rush | Juncus gerardii | b | b | |||
Toad Rush | Juncus bufonius | b | b | b | ||
Hard Rush | Juncus inflexus | b | b | |||
Soft-rush | Juncus effusus | b | b | |||
Compact Rush | Juncus conglomeratus | b | b | |||
Field Wood-rush | Luzula campestris | b | b | b | ||
Heath Woodrush | Luzula multiflora | b | b | |||
Rediscovered on the Dune Ridge in June 2009. Lost to mowing. | ||||||
Cyperaceae |
||||||
Common Cottongrass | Eriophorum angustifolium | |||||
Sea Club-rush | Bolboschoenus maritimus | b | b | b | ||
Common Club-rush | Schoenoplectus lacustris | b | b | |||
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Grey Club-rush | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani | b | b | |||
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Common Spike-rush | Eleocharis palustris | b | b | |||
Slender Spike-rush | Eleocharis uniglumis | |||||
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Many-stemmed Spike-rush | Eleocharis multicaulis | b | ||||
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Bristle Club-rush | Isolepis setacea | |||||
Slender Club-rush | Isolepis cernua | b | b | |||
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False Fox-sedge | Carex otrubae | b | b | |||
Grey Sedge | Carex divulsa | b | b | |||
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Sand Sedge | Carex arenaria | b | b | b | ||
Remote Sedge | Carex remota | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Entrance Bushes in 1995. | ||||||
Oval Sedge | Carex ovalis | b | b | |||
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Hairy Sedge | Carex hirta | |||||
Great Pond-sedge | Carex riparia | b | b | |||
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Cyperus Sedge | Carex pseudocyperus | b | ||||
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Pendulous Sedge | Carex pendula | b | b | |||
Glaucous Sedge | Carex flacca | b | b | |||
Carnation Sedge | Carex panicea | b | b | |||
Green-ribbed Sedge | Carex binervis | |||||
Distant Sedge | Carex distans | b | b | |||
Long-bracted Sedge | Carex extensa | b | b | |||
Common Yellow-sedge | Carex demissa | b | b | |||
Discovered near the VC in 2009. | ||||||
Pale Sedge | Carex pallescens | |||||
Common Sedge | Carex nigra | b | b | |||
Poaceae | ||||||
Tall Fescue | Schedonorus arundinaceus | b | b | |||
Giant Fescue | Schedonorus giganteus | b | b | |||
Discovered by the Car park in 2008. | ||||||
Perennial Rye-grass | Lolium perenne | b | b | b | ||
Rush-leaved Fescue | Festuca arenaria | b | b | b | ||
Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Red Fescue | Festuca rubra rubra | b | b | b | b | |
Species present on site but no recent attempt has been made to check subspecific status. | Festuca rubra juncea | |||||
Festuca rubra littoralis | ||||||
Sheep’s-fescue | Festuca ovina | b | b | |||
a hybrid Fescue | x Festulpia melderisii | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Native. The hybrid of Festuca arenaria x Vulpia fasciculata. Recorded in 1957. | ||||||
a hybrid Fescue | x Festulpia hubbardii | |||||
Extinct in Devon. Native. The hybrid of Festuca rubra x Vulpia fasciculata. | ||||||
Dune Fescue | Vulpia fasciculata | b | b | b | ||
Nationally scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Squirrel-tailed Fescue | Vulpia bromoides | b | b | b | ||
Rat’s-tail Fescue | Vulpia myuros | b | b | b | ||
Bearded Fescue | Vulpia ciliata spp. ambigua | b | b | |||
Nationally scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Crested Dog’s-tail | Cynosurus cristatus | b | b | |||
Common Saltmarsh-grass | Puccinellia maritima | b | ||||
Reflexed Saltmarsh-grass | Puccinellia distans | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
[Stiff Saltmarsh-grass] | Puccinellia rupestris | |||||
Nationally Scarce. Very rare in Devon. Native. A 1932 record from Dawlish may be from the Warren as the preferred habitat is not present in Dawlish. | ||||||
Quaking-grass | Briza media | |||||
Great Quaking-grass | Briza maxima | |||||
Annual Meadow-grass | Poa annua | b | b | b | b | |
Rough-stalked Meadow-grass | Poa trivialis | b | b | b | ||
Spreading Meadow-grass | Poa humilis | |||||
Smooth Meadow-grass | Poa pratensis | b | b | |||
Bulbous Meadow-grass | Poa bulbosa | b | b | |||
Nationally Scarce. Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Early Meadow-grass | Poa infirma | b | b | b | b | |
Nationally Scarce. | ||||||
Cock’s-foot | Dactylis glomerata | b | b | b | ||
Water Whorl-grass | Catabrosa aquatica | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Native. Recorded in 1938. | ||||||
Fern-grass | Catapodium rigidum | b | b | |||
Sea Fern-grass | Catapodium marinum | b | b | b | ||
Hard-grass | Parapholis strigosa | b | b | |||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
False Oat-grass | Arrhenatherum elatius | b | b | |||
Yellow Oat-grass | Trisetum flavescens | b | b | |||
Only occurs on Langstone Rock. | ||||||
Tufted Hair-grass | Deschampsia caespitosa | b | b | |||
Discovered in 1995 near the Main Pond. |
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Yorkshire-fog | Holcus lanatus | b | b | b | ||
Creeping Soft Grass | Holcus mollis | b | ||||
Discovered in the Back Meadow in 2011. | ||||||
Silver Hair-grass | Aira caryophyllea | b | b | b | ||
Early Hair-grass | Aira praecox | b | b | b | ||
Sweet Vernal-grass | Anthoxanthum odoratum | b | b | |||
Reed Canary-grass | Phalaris arundinacea | b | ||||
Rediscovered growing on the tideline at Warren Point in 2009. Since lost again. | ||||||
Canary-grass | Phalaris canariensis | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Rediscovered in 2021. | ||||||
Common Bent | Agrostis capillaris | b | b | |||
Creeping Bent | Agrostis stolonifera | b | b | b | ||
Bristle Bent | Agrostis curtisii | |||||
Marram | Ammophila arenaria | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Hare’s-tail | Lagurus ovatus | b | b | b | ||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Well established on the Dune Ridge and
elsewhere. |
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(c) Alan Keatley | ||||||
Water Bent | Polypogon viridis | b | ||||
Discovered around the Amusements in September 2021. | ||||||
Marsh Foxtail | Alopecurus geniculatus | b | b | |||
Timothy | Phleum pratense | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Buffer Zone in 2009. | ||||||
Small Cat’s-tail | Phleum bertolonii | b | b | |||
Discovered in the Buffer Zone in June 2009. | ||||||
Sand Cat’s-tail | Phleum arenarium | b | b | b | ||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Floating Sweet-grass | Glyceria fluitans | |||||
Small Sweet-grass | Glyceria declinata | |||||
Smooth Brome | Bromus racemosus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Native. | ||||||
Soft-brome | Bromus hordeaceus hordeaceus | b | b | |||
- | Bromus hordeaceus thominei | |||||
- | Bromus hordeaceus ferronii | b | ||||
A hybrid Brome | Bromus x pseudothominii | |||||
Slender Soft Brome | Bromus lepidus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. | ||||||
Giant Brome | Anisantha diandrus | |||||
Rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded in 1989. | ||||||
Ripgut Brome | Anisantha rigidus | |||||
Very rare in Devon. Introduced. Recorded in 1954. | ||||||
Barren Brome | Anisantha sterilis | b | b | b | ||
Compact Brome | Anisantha madritensis | b | b | |||
Very rare
in Devon. Introduced.
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False-Brome | Brachypodium sylvaticum | b | b | |||
First recorded in 1994, Rediscovered in June 2009. | ||||||
Common Couch | Elytrigia repens | b | b | b | ||
Sea Couch | Elytrigia atherica | b | b | b | ||
Hybrid Couch | Elytrigia x acuta | |||||
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Sand Couch | Elytrigia juncea | b | b | b | ||
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Lyme-grass | Leymus arenarius | |||||
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Wall Barley | Hordeum murinum | b | b | b | b | |
Bread Wheat | Triticum aestivum | b | ||||
Discovered in Dead Dolphin Wood in 2005 and the Buffer Zone in 2021. | ||||||
Heath-grass | Danthonia decumbens | b | ||||
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Pampas Grass | Cortaderia selloana | b | b | |||
Purple Moor-grass | Molinia caerula | b | b | |||
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Common Reed | Phragmites australis | b | b | b | ||
Bermuda-grass | Cynodon dactylon | |||||
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Small Cord-grass | Spartina maritima | |||||
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Hybrid Cord-grass | Spartina x townsendii | b | b | b | ||
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Common Cord-grass | Spartina anglica | b | b | b | ||
Cockspur | Echinochloa crus-galli | b | ||||
Recorded on imported soil in the Cuckoo's Nest in 2019. | ||||||
Shama Millet | Echinochloa colona | b | b | |||
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Maize | Zea mays | b | ||||
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